The aim of this thesis was to evaluate to what extent and through which mechanisms mycorrhizal symbiosis contributes to the resistance of trees to climate stressors. It is based on a review of 71 sources published between 2004 and 2026. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) and ectomycorrhiza (ECM) are presented, together with the responses of trees and mycorrhizal fungi to drought, salinity, flooding and
temperature extremes. The reviewed literature shows that mycorrhiza increases tree resistance mainly through the greater soil reach of the mycelium, improved uptake
of water and nutrients, and regulation of ionic and antioxidative responses, although the effect depends on the fungal species and isolate, the host and the site. The
functional composition of the fungal community matters more than species richness and is associated with up to roughly threefold differences in tree growth rate; the effect of mycorrhiza on wood properties has not been studied in the reviewed literature. In urban environments colonization is generally lower, yet the associations remain functional. The hypotheses are confirmed, although the one on the bacterial
component only partly. In our assessment, mycorrhiza is a resistance factor that can be influenced indirectly, by conserving soils and fungal communities.
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