Introduction: Genitourinary syndrome of menopause is a common and often overlooked condition that significantly affects woman's quality of life. In oncology patients, especially those after breast cancer and gynecologic malignancies, symptoms develop earlier than in physiological menopause and tend to be more severe and long-lasting due to chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgical oophorectomy. Purpose: Purpose of this thesis is, through a literature review, to present genitourinary syndrome in menopause in woman after oncological treatment, with a focus on the most commonly reported symptoms, its impact on quality of life, treatment options for woman with hormone-dependent cancer, and the role of healthcare workers in the management of genitourinary syndrome of menopause. Methods: A review of professional and scientific literature was conducted in the PubMed, Medline and ScienceDirect databases for articles published between 2015 and 2026 in Slovenian and English language. The selection process was presented using a PRISMA flow diagram. Results: A total of 14 studies were included in the literature review. Genitourinary syndrome of menopause is very common in oncology patients. The most fequently reported symptoms are vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, sexual dysfunction and urological problems. Cancer treatment significantly contributes to the development and worsening of these symptoms. In hormone-dependent cancers, non-hormonal measures (lubricants, moisturizers, hyaluronic acid, lidocain) play key role; local estrogen therapy is not absolutely excluded but may be used on an individual basis in consultation with the oncologist. Healthcare workers have a key role in the early recognition of symptoms, actively inquiring about problems and complaints, and in providing counseling and guidance toward appropriate treatment. Discussion and conclusion: Genitourinary syndrome of menopause in oncology patients often remains unaddressed due to patients's feelings of shame or lack of proactive questioning by healthcare professionals. Individualized management with a balanced use of hormonal and non-hormonal approaches, together with early recognition of symptoms, can substantially improve the quality of life of these patients.
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