Multiaxial characterization of cross-ply and quasi-isotropic flax bio-composites using a modified Arcan fixture and digital image correlation

Bergant, Zoran (avtor), Kek, Tomaž (avtor), Maček, Andraž (avtor), Halilovič, Miroslav (avtor), Šturm, Roman (avtor)

This study investigates the mechanical behavior, stress–strain states and damage evolution of flax-fiber reinforced polymer composites under various loading angles using Arcan specimens with V-notches. Three stacking sequences, cross-ply [0/90]▫$_{4s}$▫, quasi-isotropic [45/−45/0/90]▫$_{2s}$▫, and angled cross-ply [45/−45]▫$_{4s}$▫, were examined to assess their response to combined tension and shear loading at angles of 0°, 45°, and 90°. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) was employed to capture detailed strain fields and principal strain orientations, enabling direct comparison with numerical predictions from finite element modelling. Results show that the [45/−45]▫$_{4s}$▫ laminate exhibits superior shear load-bearing capacity due to the transformation of shear into tensile and compressive stresses within ±45° plies. Notch sensitivity varied significantly among laminates, with the [45/−45/0/90]▫$_{2s}$▫ configuration showing greater damage tolerance, a smaller strength drop at off-axis angles, and a reduced notch effect compared to cross-ply laminates. The study reveals complex strain localization patterns and fiber-matrix interactions influencing crack initiation and propagation. These findings enhance the understanding of anisotropic damage mechanisms in natural fiber composites and provide valuable insights for optimizing biocomposite layups in structural applications subjected to multiaxial stress–strain states.

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Ključne besede: flax fiber, bio-epoxy, digital image correlation, finite element method
• Vrsta gradiva: Članek v reviji
• Tipologija: 1.01 - Izvirni znanstveni članek
• Organizacija: FS - Fakulteta za strojništvo
• Status publikacije: Objavljeno
• Različica publikacije: Objavljena publikacija
• Leto izida: 2025
• Št. strani: 17 str.
• Številčenje: Vol. 154, art. 109059
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-176482
• UDK: 620.1
• ISSN pri članku: 1873-2348
• DOI: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2025.109059
• COBISS.SI-ID: 259435011
• Datum objave v RUL: 02.12.2025

Gradivo je del revije

• Naslov: Polymer testing
• Založnik: Elsevier
• ISSN: 1873-2348
• COBISS.SI-ID: 23025669

Licence

• Licenca: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva-Nekomercialno-Brez predelav 4.0 Mednarodna
• Povezava: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.sl
• Opis: Najbolj omejujoča licenca Creative Commons. Uporabniki lahko prenesejo in delijo delo v nekomercialne namene in ga ne smejo uporabiti za nobene druge namene.

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: lanena vlakna, bio-epoksi, digitalna korelacija slike, metode končnih elementov

Projekti

• Financer: ARIS - Javna agencija za znanstvenoraziskovalno in inovacijsko dejavnost Republike Slovenije
• Številka projekta: P2-0270
• Naslov: Proizvodni sistemi, laserske tehnologije in spajanje materialov

• Financer: ARIS - Javna agencija za znanstvenoraziskovalno in inovacijsko dejavnost Republike Slovenije
• Številka projekta: P2-0263
• Naslov: Mehanika v tehniki