Pravne posledice obsodbe

Makovec, Klara (avtor), Jakulin, Vid (mentor)

Pravne posledice obsodbe so poseben institut kazenskega prava preventivne narave, ki lahko pomembno vpliva na položaj obsojencev po prestani kazni na različnih področjih življenja. Nanašajo se tako na prenehanje ali izgubo posameznih pravic kot tudi na prepoved pridobitve posameznih pravic in lahko zadevajo tudi pravne osebe. So dopolnilno sredstvo za zagotavljanje končne učinkovitosti kazenskih sankcij in za spodbujanje večje odgovornosti posameznikov, ki zasedajo pomembne položaje v družbi.[1] V magistrski nalogi predstavim ureditev pravnih posledic obsodbe v slovenski zakonodaji, razmerje med kazenskim pravom in drugimi pravnimi vejami ter med pravnimi posledicami obsodbe in varnostnimi ukrepi. Osredotočim se na nekaj najpogostejših pravnih posledic obsodbe, ki zadenejo obsojence in orišem problematiko različne pravne narave pravnih posledic obsodbe, ter avtomatizma nastajanja le-teh. Pomemben vpliv na pravne posledice obsodbe ima institut rehabilitacije, s katerim se odpravijo še trajajoče pravne posledice obsodbe in šteje se, kot da obsojenec nikoli ni bil obsojen. Na čas trajanja pravnih posledic obsodbe, ki so v prepovedi pridobitve določenih pravic, lahko vplivajo tudi pomilostitev, amnestija in sodna odločba na prošnjo obsojenca, zato predstavim tudi vpliv teh institutov. Najodmevnejši primer na slovenskih tleh s področja pravnih posledic obsodbe je bilo prenehanje poslanskega mandata Janeza Janše, kjer so se pojavila različna mnenja in ustvarile polemike s strani pravnih strokovnjakov, in o katerem je odločalo celo Ustavno sodišče. Primer obravnavam v magistrski nalogi, saj odlično prikazuje problematiko, ki se lahko pojavi ob pomanjkljivo oziroma nejasno napisanih določilih zakonov, ki urejajo pravne posledice obsodbe in različni razlagi njihove ureditve. [1] L. Selinšek, Kazensko pravo, splošni del in osnove posebnega dela (2007), p. 356.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: vrste pravnih posledic obsodbe, prepoved pridobitve posameznih pravic, prenehanje posameznih pravic, pravna narava pravnih posledic obsodbe, varnostni ukrepi, kazenska evidenca, rehabilitacija, amnestija, pomilostitev, prenehanje poslanskega mandata.
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
• Organizacija: PF - Pravna fakulteta
• Status publikacije: Objavljeno
• Različica publikacije: Objavljena publikacija
• Leto izida: 2025
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-175473
• COBISS.SI-ID: 257734403
• Datum objave v RUL: 29.10.2025

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Legal consequences of conviction

Izvleček

The legal consequences of conviction represent a special institute of criminal law with a preventive function, which can significantly affect the position of convicted persons after serving their sentence in various areas of life. They pertain both to the termination or loss of individual rights as well as the prohibition of acquiring certain rights, and they may also affect legal entities. They serve as a supplementary means to ensure the overall effectiveness of criminal sanctions and to promote greater responsibility among individuals who occupy important positions in society.[1] This master’s thesis presents the regulation of the legal consequences of conviction in the Slovenian legislation, as well as the relationship between criminal law and other branches of law, and between the legal consequences of conviction and security measures. It focuses on some of the most common legal consequences of conviction that affect offenders and outlines the issue of the diverse legal nature of these consequences, as well as the automatism of their occurrence. An important impact on the legal consequences of a conviction is attributed to the institute of rehabilitation, through which the remaining legal consequences of the conviction are removed, and it is deemed as if the convicted person had never been convicted. The duration of legal consequences of conviction, particularly those involving prohibitions on acquiring certain rights, may also be affected by pardon, amnesty, and a court decision upon the convicted person’s request, therefore; the impact of these institutes is also presented. The most prominent case in Slovenia concerning the legal consequences of conviction was the termination of the parliamentary mandate of Janez Janša, which sparked various opinions and debates among legal experts and was ultimately decided by the Constitutional Court. This is also addressed in this master’s thesis, as this case aptly illustrates the issues that may arise from inadequately drafted legal provisions governing the legal consequences of conviction and their divergent interpretations. [1] L. Selinšek, Kazensko pravo, splošni del in osnove posebnega dela (2007), p. 356.

• Ključne besede: types of legal consequences of conviction, prohibition on acquiring certain rights, termination of specific rights, legal nature of the legal consequences of conviction, security measures, criminal records, rehabilitation, amnesty, pardon, terminatio