Introduction: A fitness centre is an environment where individuals or groups perform
exercise programs to improve physical fitness and health. There are many potential risk
factors for injury, including lifting too much weight and performing exercises incorrectly.
Purpose: The purpose of this thesis was to review the literature on the frequency and types
of musculoskeletal injuries in fitness centres among recreational athletes. Methods: The
electronic database PubMed was reviewed. We searched for articles based on a combination
of the keywords: gym AND injury. The review included research related to the frequency
and types of musculoskeletal injuries in fitness centres among recreational athletes, the
findings of which were published in English between 2018 and 2024. the review excluded
studies in which the authors determined the frequency and types of such musculoskeletal
injuries in professional athletes. Results: Four studies were included in the literature review.
These showed that the shoulder joint is the most frequently injured joint in gym workouts,
followed by the lower back and knee. There were no significant differences between the
sexes, but men more frequently reported problems in the upper body, while women reported
problems in the lower limbs and neck. The most common causes of injury were incorrect
technique, excessive load, and frequency of training. Discussion and conclusion: The
results of the reviewed studies show that musculoskeletal injuries are quite common, with
the most common injury being a shoulder joint injury, and the risk of their occurrence
increases with improper exercise performance. Further research should standardize
assessment techniques for determining the type and location of injury and for more detailed
pain assessment.
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