Today's economy faces two distinct currency concepts. On the one side, there are more widely accepted national fiat currencies established and controlled by central banks. On the other, there is the emerging concept of so-called cryptocurrencies, which operate on the basis of decentralisation and are considered the complete opposite of fiat currencies. With the increasing discussion around cryptocurrencies, there is a growing need to raise public awareness in this field. This thesis presents an analysis of the characteristics and differences between these two forms of currency, enabling a more in-depth and objective understanding of them. The thesis includes a survey conducted through a questionnaire, which reveals that fiat currency remains the preferred choice for use. The reason for this is the currency's broad acceptance and accessibility. The survey also indicates a slight lack of knowledge among respondents regarding the use of cryptocurrencies as a means of payment, while the most common reason for using cryptocurrencies appears to be their potential as an investment for the future. The comparative analysis of fiat currencies and cryptocurrencies contributes to a basic understanding of cryptocurrencies and their operational concepts, which will help users overcome concerns about this new technology and a new form of money, as its use is inevitable in the future.
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