Uspešnost razmnoževanja evropskega pravega kostanja (Castanea sativa Mill.) in hibridne vrste (Castanea crenata x Castanea sativa Mill.) z zelenimi potaknjenci

Japelj, Ana (avtor), Osterc, Gregor (mentor)

Leta 2019 smo v plastenjaku Biotehniške fakultete, Oddelka za agronomijo v Ljubljani postavili poskus s štirimi različnimi sortami s štirimi ponovitvami. Želeli smo preveriti kako se sorte ('Kozjak', 'Avbar') evropskega pravega kostanja razmnožujejo v primerjavi s sortami, ki so križanci med evropskim pravim kostanjem in japonskim kostanjem ('Marsol' in 'Maraval'). Uporabili smo 12 cm dolge vršne potaknjence. Najprej smo potaknjence tretirali s hormonom avksinom. Nato smo jih potikali v mešanico peska in šote v razmerju 1:1, ki smo mu dodali počasi topno gnojilo Osmocote. Po končani rastni dobi smo potaknjence ocenili. Ocenili smo več različnih parametrov: koreninjenje, dolžino poganjkov, preživetje, izmerili kalus. Najbolje je koreninila sorta 'Maraval' (22,4 %), najslabše pa sta koreninili sorti 'Avbar' in 'Kozjak' (6,6 %). Največ kalusa je razvila sorta 'Avbar' (67,2 %), najmanj pa sorta 'Marsol' (15,7 %). Sorti 'Avbar' in 'Kozjak' sta koreninili le bazalno, medtem ko sta sorti 'Marsol' in 'Maraval' koreninili tudi akrobazalno. Prav tako je bil največji razvoj kalusa in korenin pri sorti 'Avbar'. Povprečno število korenin je bilo največje pri sorti 'Maraval' in 'Marsol' (2,1 - 2,3). Najdaljši koreninski šop smo izmerili pri sorti 'Kozjak' (20,5 cm). Pri sorti 'Maraval' smo izmerili 11,2 cm povprečni prirast poganjkov. Povprečno število poganjkov je bilo največje pri sortah 'Maraval' in 'Kozjak' (2,5 in 2,3).

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: sadjarstvo, pravi kostanj, zeleni potaknjenci, 'Avbar', 'Kozjak', 'Marsol', 'Maraval', vegetativno razmnoževanje, vršni potaknjenci, meglenje
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Založnik: [A. Japelj]
• Leto izida: 2021
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-124310
• UDK: 634.53:631.532(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 53855747
• Datum objave v RUL: 15.01.2021

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: How much prosperous is propagation of real chestnut tree (Castanea sativa Mill.) compared to hybrid species (Castanea crenata x Castanea sativa Mill.) with green cuttings

Izvleček

In 2019, we set up an experiment with four different cultivars with four replicates in a greenhouse of the Biotechnical Faculty Department of Agronomy in Ljubljana. We wanted to check how the cultivars ('Kozjak', 'Avbar') of the European chestnut are propagated in comparison with the cultivars that are hybrids between the European chestnut and the Japanese chestnut ('Marsol’ and' ‘Maraval '). We used 12 cm long top cuttings. The cuttings were first treated with the hormone auxin. Then they were put them into a 1: 1 mixture of sand and peat, to which we added the slowly soluble Osmocote fertilizer. After the end of the growing season, the cuttings were evaluated. We evaluated several different parameters: rooting, shoot length, survival, measured callus. The cultivar 'Maraval' had the best rooting (22.4 %), while the varieties 'Avbar' and 'Kozjak' had the worst rooting (6.6 %). The most callus was developed by the cultivar 'Avbar' (67.2 %), and the least by the cultivar 'Marsol' (15.7 %). Varieties 'Avbar' and 'Kozjak' rooted only basally, while cultivars 'Marsol' and 'Maraval' also rooted acrobasally. It was also the largest callus and root development in the ‘Avbar’ cultivar. The average number of roots was highest in the cultivars 'Maraval' and 'Marsol' (2.1-2.3). The longest root bunch was measured in the cultivar 'Kozjak' (20.5 cm). In the cultivar 'Maraval', we measured an average shoot growth of 11.2 cm. The average number of shoots was highest in the cultivars 'Maraval' and 'Kozjak' (2.5 and 2.3).

• Ključne besede: fruit growing, chestnut, green cuttings, 'Avbar', 'Kozjak', 'Marsol', 'Maraval', vegetative propagation, apical cuttings, fog- system