The increase in transportation brings about numerous negative impacts on the environment and society which mostly do not reflect in transport prices. This present dissertation focuses on freight transport of fresh fruits and vegetables and with a Slovene empirical case. The aim was to appraise pricing throught internalisation of external costs (EC) of transport, to assess market situation and to present possible solutions towards better sustainability. A systematic review was undertook and selected scientific literature and other reports were surveyed (N=32). A comprehensive dataset of EC for all the transport modes was collected, allowing for detailed insight into this field. We also searched data about EC per km for a trailer truck. For the empirical case we selected four typical Slovene produce (i.e. apples, pears, carrots, cabbage). Secondary data collection and analysis of material flow accounts were used to analyse self-sufficiency, import and export features and transport needs from 2005 to 2012, followed by an analysis of sustainability of freight transport and primary market research. A simulation was used to internalise EC into market prices of produce. Finally, SWOT analysis was carried out to analyse transport with internalised EC. This is the first study focused on the calculation of EC of transport where systematic literature review was used. The study found that current calculations of EC indicate the complexity and imperfectioness and confirmed that the transport of produce in case of import to Slovenia is unsustainable, but internalisation could benefit towards better sustainable development.
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