Učinki kompresijskih oblek na držo in gibanje otrok s cerebralno paralizo : pregled literature

Krevelj, Tanja (avtor), Puh, Urška (mentor), Grapar Žargi, Tina (komentor)

Uvod: Kompresijske obleke za otroke s cerebralno paralizo so narejene po meri in se tesno prilegajo telesu. Šibkim otrokom naj bi nudile zunanjo oporo, ki pomaga ohranjati držo telesa proti sili gravitacije, ugodno naj bi raztegnile skrajšana mehka tkiva in izboljšale vzorce gibanja, pritisk oblek na kožo pa naj bi izboljšal proprioceptivni priliv, ki ga pridobimo s stimulacijo kožnih receptorjev za dotik. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil na osnovi pregleda literature, ugotoviti učinke kompresijskih oblek na držo in gibanje otrok s cerebralno paralizo in pregledati programe terapij s kompresijskimi oblekami. Metode dela: Pregled literature na podlagi vključitvenih kriterijev. Pregledane so bile podatkovne zbirke: MEDLINE, Cohrane Library, ScienceDirect in Wiley Online Library. Raven dokazov v raziskavah smo ocenili po razvrstitvi SIGN, kakovost vključenih randomiziranih kontroliranih poskusov pa ocenili po lestvici PEDro. Rezultati: V pregled je bilo vključenih 12 raziskav, 4 so bile randomizirani kontrolirani poskusi. Dve raziskavi sta ocenjevali takojšnje učinke kompresijske obleke, deset kratkoročne učinke, merjene z oblečeno kompresijsko obleko, šest kratkoročne učinke, merjene brez oblečene kompresijske obleke in dve dolgoročne učinke. Največ pomembnih rezultatov so poročali pri merjenju kratkoročnih učinkov z oblečeno kompresijsko obleko. V štirih od petih raziskav so poročali o izboljšanju hoje ter v štirih od petih raziskavah o učinkih na gibanje zgornjega uda. V eni od dveh raziskav so ugotovili učinke na držo in prav tako v eni od dveh raziskav učinke na grobe gibalne funkcije. Razprava in zaključek: Zdi se, da imajo kompresijske obleke pozitiven učinek na hojo in gibanje zgornjega uda pri otrocih s cerebralno paralizo, vendar primanjkuje raziskav boljše kakovosti. Kaže, da imajo večji učinek pri otrocih z blažjimi oblikami cerebralne paralize, učinki oblek pri težjih oblikah cerebralne paralize pa so slabše raziskani. Na kateri tip cerebralne paralize obleke najbolj učinkujejo, ni raziskano. Največ pozitivnih učinkov imajo, ko so oblečene, ko pa jih otroci ne nosijo več, se večina učinkov zmanjša ali izgine. Pomanjkljivost kompresijskih oblek sta neudobnost in težave z oblačenjem ter slačenjem.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: cerebralna paraliza, lycra oblačila, dinamične ortoze, Theratogs
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2017
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-92506
• COBISS.SI-ID: 5265259
• Datum objave v RUL: 05.06.2017

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Effects of compression garments on posture and movement of children with cerebral palsy : literature review

Izvleček

Introduction: Compression garments are made-to-measure and fit the body tightly. It is considered that they offer external supporting effect, that helps maintain upright posture against gravitation, produce beneficial stretching of soft tissues and improve movement patterns. The contact of the garment with the skin enhances proprioceptive input by stimulating mechanoreceptors located in the skin. Purpose: The main purpose of thesis is to review studies in order to verify the effects of compression garments on the posture and movement of children with cerebral palsy and to determine therapy protocols of compression garments. Methods: The literature review included studies based on inclusion criteria. Studies were chosen from databases: MEDLINE, Cohrane Library, ScienceDirect and Wiley Online Library. Levels of evidence in studies were rated with SIGN grading system, quality of included randomised controlled trials was also rated with PEDro scale. Results: Literature review included 12 studies, 4 were randomised controlled trials. Two studies evaluated immediate effects of the compression garment, ten short term effects measured with compression garment on, six short term effects measured without compression garment and two long-term effects. Most significant results were found when evaluating short term effects measured with compression garment on. In four out of five studies that evaluated effect on gait, results were significant, that was also the case in four out of five that evaluated effect on movement of upper limb. One out of two studies had effect on postural control, and also one out of two studies had effects on gross motor functions. Discussion and conclusion: It seems compression garments have positive effect on gait and upper and limb movement in children with cerebral palsy, however further studies of higher quality are needed in this field. Evidence suggests that they have more effect on children with mild form of cerebral palsy, effect on the children with severe form is unknown. Which type of cerebral palsy benefits most is also not known. They are most effective when worn, carryover effects are small. Difficulties remain with compliance in wearing compression garments.

• Ključne besede: cerebral palsy, lycra garments, dynamic orthoses, Theratogs