From shade to sun : rapid phenotypic recovery but persistent metabolic legacy in apple fruit after summer pruning

Grohar, Mariana Cecilia (avtor), Jakopič, Jerneja (avtor), Pirih, Kris (avtor), Veberič, Robert (avtor)

Apple fruit can acclimate to changes in light availability, but whether fruit developing under shade can rapidly recover when suddenly exposed to full sun late in development remains unclear. Several agronomical practices aim to regulate light incidence on the fruit, thereby influencing their growth and development. Summer pruning is a good model to analyze this regulation as it includes a transition between shade and full-sun conditions. In this study, we used summer pruning as a field-scale light perturbation and analyzed the impact of summer pruning on apple fruit at both morphological and metabolic levels by comparing fruit grown under full-sun conditions, fruit grown in the shade, and fruit exposed to full-sun conditions after summer pruning. In the analysis, we included continued measurements of growth, temperature, color, and chlorophyll content before and after performing summer pruning over the last 5 weeks before harvest. Additionally, fruit and leaf dynamics of phenolic compounds was characterized in detail using HPLC/MS. Following pruning, shaded fruit rapidly converged toward sun-exposed fruit in surface temperature, color and anthocyanin accumulation, with anthocyanins reaching sun-exposed levels within six days. However, convergence was incomplete: fruit growth, total soluble solids and several phenolic traits remained intermediate. These results demonstrate that apple fruit exhibits rapid phenotypic acclimation to increased light exposure, whereas metabolic acclimation is slower and constrained by developmental history.

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Ključne besede: acclimation, phenolic compounds, HPLC/MS, temperature, light, fruit growing, ripening
• Vrsta gradiva: Članek v reviji
• Tipologija: 1.01 - Izvirni znanstveni članek
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Status publikacije: Objavljeno
• Različica publikacije: Objavljena publikacija
• Leto izida: 2026
• Št. strani: 11 str.
• Številčenje: art. 2111873, Vol. 240
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-190425
• UDK: 634
• ISSN pri članku: 0981-9428
• DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111873
• COBISS.SI-ID: 302929923
• Datum objave v RUL: 28.10.2026

Gradivo je del revije

• Naslov: Plant physiology and biochemistry
• Skrajšan naslov: Plant physiol. biochem.
• Založnik: Gauthier-Villars, Centrale des revues
• ISSN: 0981-9428
• COBISS.SI-ID: 16873989

Licence

• Licenca: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva 4.0 Mednarodna
• Povezava: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.sl
• Opis: To je standardna licenca Creative Commons, ki daje uporabnikom največ možnosti za nadaljnjo uporabo dela, pri čemer morajo navesti avtorja.

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: aklimatizacija, fenolne spojine, temperatura, svetoloba, rast plodov

Projekti

• Financer: ARIS - Javna agencija za znanstvenoraziskovalno in inovacijsko dejavnost Republike Slovenije
• Številka projekta: P4-0013
• Naslov: Hortikultura

• Financer: ARIS - Javna agencija za znanstvenoraziskovalno in inovacijsko dejavnost Republike Slovenije
• Številka projekta: I0-0022
• Naslov: Mreža raziskovalnih infrastrukturnih centrov Univerze v Ljubljani (MRIC UL)