Fiziološki odziv čilija (Capsicum chinense) na slanostni stres ob uporabi biostimulanta

Jelenčič, Marcel (avtor), Kacjan Maršić, Nina (mentor), Zamljen, Tilen (komentor)

Namen magistrskega dela je bil preučiti, kako blaga slanost in dodatek biostimulanta Amalgerol Essence® vplivata na fiziološke parametre, vsebnost kapsaicinoidov v plodovih in količino pridelka pri čiliju Capsicum chinense 'Habanero Red Caribbean'. Izvedli smo lončni poskus v plastenjaku od maja do oktobra 2025. Primerjali smo šest obravnavanj, ki so vključevala namakanje rastlin z dodatkom treh koncentracij NaCl (0 mM, 20 mM in 40 mM) v kombinaciji z ali brez dodanega biostimulanta. Med rastno dobo smo izvedli fiziološke meritve neto fotosinteze, transpiracije, fotokemične učinkovitosti, prevodnosti listnih rež, vodnega potenciala in vsebnosti klorofila (SPAD) ter izračunali učinkovitost izrabe vode. V laboratoriju smo analizirali vsebnost prolina v listih in vsebnost glavnih kapsaicinoidov (kapsaicin, dihidrokapsaicin, nordihidrokapsaicin) v plodovih ter izmerili skupno število in skupno maso plodov na rastlino. Pri obravnavanjih s 40 mM NaCl smo ugotovili statistično značilno manjšo fotosintsko aktivnost, transpiracijo in prevodnost listnih rež, kar potrjuje prisotnost slanostnega stresa. Povečana slanost ni značilno vplivala na vsebnost obravnavanih kapsaicinoidov, prav tako ni imela značilnega vpliva na skupno število in maso plodov na rastlino. Biostimulant ni vplival na fiziološke parametre, je pa statistično značilno povečal vsebnost kapsaicina ter mejno značilno vplival na povečanje vsebnosti dihidrokapsaicina. Največja vsebnost kapsaicina 1886 mg/100g sveže mase (95% interval zaupanja: 1692 mg/100g sveže mase; 2080 mg/100g sveže mase) je bila izmerjena pri obravnavanju z dodatkom 20 mM raztopine NaCl in biostimulanta, najmanjša vrednost 1538 mg/100g sveže mase (95% interval zaupanja: 1344 mg/100g sveže mase; 1733 mg/100g sveže mase) pa pri obravnavanju z dodatkom 40 mM raztopine NaCl in biostimulanta. Koncentraciji 20 mM in 40 mM dodane soli nista predstavljali dovolj izrazitega stresnega dejavnika za sprožitev odziva v sintezi kapsaicinoidov. Uporaba biostimulanta se je izkazala kot učinkovit pristop pri izboljšanju kakovosti plodov čilija.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: čili, slanostni stres, biostimulant, kapsaicinoidi, pridelek, fiziološki odziv
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2026
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-189127
• COBISS.SI-ID: 293506819
• Datum objave v RUL: 02.10.2026

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Physiological response of chili plants (Capsicum chinense) to salt stress and added biostimulant

Izvleček

The aim of this Master’s thesis was to examine how mild salinity and the addition of the biostimulant Amalgerol Essence® affect physiological parameters, capsacinoid content in fruits, and yield quantity in chili pepper Capsicum chinense ‘Habanero Red Caribbean’. We conducted a pot experiment in a greenhouse from May to October 2025. Six treatments were compared, including three NaCl concentrations (0 mM, 20 mM, and 40 mM) in combination with presence or absence of the biostimulant. During the growing period, physiological measurements were performed: net photosynthesis, transpiration, photochemical efficiency, stomatal conductance, water potential, chlorophyll content (SPAD), and water‑use efficiency was calculated. In the laboratory, we analyzed proline concentration in the leaves and the concentration of the main capsaicinoids (capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, nordihydrocapsaicin) in the fruits. We also measured the total fruit number and total mass of fruits per plant. In the treatments with 40 mM NaCl, we observed a statistically significant decrease in photosynthesis, transpiration, and stomatal conductance, confirming the presence of salinity stress. Increased salinity had no effect on the content of the analysed capsaicinoids and did not significantly influence the total number or total fresh mass of fruits per plant. The addition of the biostimulant did not influence physiological parameters, but it significantly increased capsaicin content and had a borderline significant effect on increasing dihydrocapsaicin concentrations. The highest capsaicin content 1886 mg/100 g fresh weight (95% confidence interval: 1692 mg/100 g fresh weight; 2080 mg/100 g fresh weight) was recorded in the treatment with added 20 mM NaCl solution and biostimulant and the lowest capsaicin content 1538 mg/100 g fresh weight (95% confidence interval: 1344 mg/100 g fresh weigh; 1733 mg/100 g fresh weight) in the treatment with added 40 mM NaCl solution and biostimulant. The concentrations of 20 mM and 40 mM added salt did not represent a sufficiently strong stress factor to trigger a response in capsaicinoid synthesis. The use of the biostimulant proved to be an effective approach for improving chili fruit quality.

• Ključne besede: chili pepper, salinity stress, biostimulant, capsacinoids, yield, physiological response