This thesis examines social and racial inequality in Bahia, a Brazilian state characterized by sig-nificant social and economic disparities. It focuses on the historical, geographical, and social factors that contribute to the creation and persistence of inequality, while also examining how inequality is reflected in contemporary society and perceived by the residents of Bahia through an online questionnaire. The aim of the thesis is to analyse social inequality in Bahia using vari-ous research methods, including the analysis of academic literature and statistical data, compari-son of sources, and a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis of empirical data. The findings show that residents perceive social and racial inequality as a deeply rooted structural problem that significantly affects everyday life. The results also indicate that certain forms of discrimination have become so normalized that individuals often no longer recognize them as forms of inequality. Differences between the responses of black and white respondents further demonstrate that race continues to influence access to opportunities and the treatment of indi-viduals. Because social inequality is deeply rooted in Bahia’s history and social structure, its reduction represents a long-term challenge that requires a comprehensive and systemic ap-proach rather than isolated political measures.
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