Phage-functionalized magnetic separation for rapid and selective detection of Escherichia coli

Eigenfeld, Marco (avtor), Schneider, Benjamin (avtor), Kolb, Dagmar (avtor), Lisac, Ana (avtor), Podgornik, Aleš (avtor), Schwaminger, Sebastian P. (avtor)

Selective bacterial preconcentration remains a key challenge for improving downstream molecular detection. Here, we report carboxymethyl-dextran (CMD) coated magnetic nanoparticle clusters functionalized with lytic T4 bacteriophages (phage@CMD) for selective capture of Escherichia coli. Iron-oxide particles were synthesized by coprecipitation and characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and electron microscopy, revealing CMD-stabilized nanoparticle clusters with a hydrodynamic diameter of approximately 181 nm with moderate dispersity (PDI = 0.267). T4 phages were immobilized via EDC/Sulfo-NHS chemistry, yielding a functional loading of ∼5.54 × 10$^{12}$ PFU-equivalent g$^{–1}$ (∼0.053 phage per particle). An empirical Langmuir-type analysis was used solely to estimate surface loading capacity. Phage-functionalized particles enabled magnetic capture of E. coli, resulting in experimentally determined separation efficiencies of ∼20–40%, verified by CFU depletion and PCR analysis of particle-associated fractions. Magnetic preconcentration improved the practical PCR input threshold compared to direct amplification of untreated suspensions. While the study represents a proof-of-concept in laboratory media, limitations including random phage orientation, partial loss of activity after immobilization, and lack of complex-matrix validation are discussed. These findings support the use of phage@CMD as a modular magnetic preconcentration platform for bacteria prior to nucleic-acid–based analysis.

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Ključne besede: bacteria, genetics, infectious diseases, nanoparticles, viruses
• Vrsta gradiva: Članek v reviji
• Tipologija: 1.01 - Izvirni znanstveni članek
• Organizacija: FKKT - Fakulteta za kemijo in kemijsko tehnologijo
• Status publikacije: Objavljeno
• Različica publikacije: Objavljena publikacija
• Leto izida: 2026
• Št. strani: Str. 37605-37618
• Številčenje: Vol. 11, iss. 25
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-188123
• UDK: 602.3:578.347:620.3
• ISSN pri članku: 2470-1343
• DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.6c02406
• COBISS.SI-ID: 286107395
• Datum objave v RUL: 18.09.2026

Gradivo je del revije

• Naslov: ACS omega
• Skrajšan naslov: ACS omega
• Založnik: American Chemical Society
• ISSN: 2470-1343
• COBISS.SI-ID: 525873945

Licence

• Licenca: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva 4.0 Mednarodna
• Povezava: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.sl
• Opis: To je standardna licenca Creative Commons, ki daje uporabnikom največ možnosti za nadaljnjo uporabo dela, pri čemer morajo navesti avtorja.

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: bakterije, genetika, nalezljive bolezni, nanodelci, virusi

Projekti

• Financer: DFG - German Research Foundation
• Program financ.: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
• Številka projekta: 548540458