Transport is one of the most important economic activities in modern society, while at the same time representing one of the major sources of environmental pollution. The growing number of motor vehicles contributes to increased greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution, and noise pollution, which negatively affect the quality of life and contribute to climate change. Due to increasing environmental and transportation challenges, significant efforts have been directed toward the development of new technologies, among which autonomous transport vehicles play an important role. These vehicles utilize artificial intelligence, advanced sensors, computer vision, and communication systems to enable independent driving without direct human intervention.
This thesis examines the field of autonomous transport vehicles, with a particular focus on autonomous delivery vehicles and their impact on the environment and the future development of transportation systems. The thesis presents the history of autonomous vehicle development, different levels of automation, key technologies that enable their operation, and their potential applications in logistics and transportation. Special attention is given to the analysis of the environmental effects associated with the implementation of autonomous vehicles in everyday traffic.
Based on a review of scientific literature and existing research, the thesis finds that autonomous vehicles have significant potential to improve traffic efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and optimize delivery processes. Through more accurate route planning and efficient vehicle management, they can contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and traffic congestion. However, their implementation also presents numerous challenges related to safety, legislation, ethical considerations, and the additional energy requirements of advanced information and communication systems.
The findings indicate that autonomous transport vehicles are likely to become an important component of sustainable mobility in the future. Nevertheless, their actual environmental impact will largely depend on the type of vehicle propulsion system, the extent of their adoption, and the way they are integrated into existing transport infrastructure. To achieve positive environmental outcomes, their implementation will need to be supported by appropriate technological, legislative, and infrastructural solutions.
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