Izbira čohalnih dreves rjavega medveda (Ursus arctos)

Blatnik, Matevž (avtor), Krofel, Miha (mentor)

V naši raziskavi smo se osredotočali na čohalna drevesa rjavega medveda (Ursus arctos). Kot samotarska vrsta zveri medvedi označujejo drevesa za znotrajvrstno komunikacijo, za vzpostavljanje hierarhičnega nivoja in iskanje partnerjev. Zato smo se v naši raziskavi osredotočali na čohalna drevesa rjavega medveda. Na vzorcu I02 markiranih dreves smo preverili, kateri dejavniki vplivajo na izbiro dreves pri tej vrsti. Kot proučevane dejavnike smo si izbrali prsni premer drevesa, prisotnost smole na površini, tip drevesa (iglavec ali listavec), vrsta poti, ob kateri drevo je, ter razdaljo od krmišča. Predpostavili smo, da bodo medvedi raje izbirali velike iglavce, ki imajo na svoji površini smolo in so v bližini krmišč. Podatki so bili zbrani v okviru dveh raziskovalnih taborov študentov biologije na Kočevskem v letih 20I4 in 20I5 ter s terenskim delom v občini Dobrepolje v letu 2025. Popisali smo markirana drevesa ter vsa nemarkirana drevesa do 2 metra oddaljena od roba poti, kjer je markirano drevo bilo. Iz podatkov smo nato ugotavljali, kateri dejavniki imajo vpliv na izbiro markinih dreves in kakšen je povprečni prsni premer markiranega drevesa. Ugotovili smo, da so medvedi najpogosteje označevali drevesa s povprečnim premerom 22,I cm, iglavce s prisotno smolo in drevesa v bližini krmišč. Izbira takšnih dreves je bila statistično značilna, kar kaže, da medvedi ne izbirajo čohalnih dreves naključno. To je prva tovrstna raziskava v Sloveniji. Dala nam bo vpogled v pomen in načine markiranja dreves te vrste pri nas.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: rjavi medved, markiranje
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Status publikacije: Objavljeno
• Različica publikacije: Objavljena publikacija
• Založnik: [M. Blatnik]
• Leto izida: 2026
• Št. strani: IX, 22 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-187121
• UDK: 599.744.2:591.58(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 291911939
• Datum objave v RUL: 09.09.2026

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Selection of marking trees by brown bears (Ursus arctos)

Izvleček

In our study, we focused on the tree stands of brown bears (Ursus arctos). As a solitary species of carnivore, bears mark trees for intraspecific communication, for establishing a hierarchical level and for finding partners. On a sample of I02 marked trees, we examined which factors influence the choice of trees in this species. The factors studied were the tree diameter at breast height, the presence of resin on the surface, tree species group (conifer or deciduous), the type of path along which the tree is located, and the distance from the feeding area. We assumed that bears would prefer to choose large conifers that have resin on their surface and are located near feeding areas. The data were collected as part of two research camps for biology students in Kočevje in 2014 and 2015 and with research work in the municipality of Dobrepolje in 2025. We counted marked trees and all unmarked trees up to 2 meters away from the edge of the path where the marked tree was located. From the data, we then determined which factors influence the choice of marked trees and what the average breast diameter of a marked tree is. We found that bears most often marked trees with an average diameter of 22.I cm, conifers with resin present, and trees near feeding grounds. The choice of such trees was statistically significant, which shows that bears do not choose tree markings randomly. This is the first study of its kind in Slovenia. It will give us insight into the importance and methods of marking trees of this type in our country.

• Ključne besede: brown bear, marking