Qualitative testing of EQ-HWB-9 self-complete and proxy versions in older adult-carer dyads in Hungary

Szlávicz, Eszter (avtor), Szabó, Ákos (avtor), Brodszky, Valentin (avtor), Lebar, Lea (avtor), Prevolnik Rupel, Valentina (avtor), Zoran, Kaja (avtor), Dolničar, Vesna (avtor), Mukuria, Clara (avtor), Rencz, Fanni (avtor)

Background: The EuroQol Health and Wellbeing 9 (EQ-HWB-9) is an experimental generic instrument designed for use in settings, populations and contexts where measuring wellbeing alongside health is relevant to decision making, such as in social care or in assessing impacts on carers. This study aims to assess the content validity of the EQ-HWB-9 self-complete and proxy versions in dyads of older adult social care users and their carers in Hungary, and to qualitatively compare the ‘experimental modified’ (2024) version with the ‘experimental’ (2022) version. Methods: In 2025, one-on-one, semi-structured interviews incorporating item-level probing and a card-sorting exercise were conducted with 15 dyads of older adult social care users and their carers in Hungary, using a convenience recruitment strategy. The self-complete version of EQHWB-9 was used for care recipients, while the proxy version (proxy-proxy perspective) was used for carers. We followed a standardised topic guide, focusing on three elements of content validity: comprehensibility, relevance and comprehensiveness. The interviews were analysed using framework analysis. Results: EQ-HWB-9 was positively viewed by both older adult care recipients and carers, with all items considered comprehensible and relevant by most respondents in the social care context. Carers’ interpretations of the proxy version aligned with those of care recipients. Three respondents considered the examples ‘working, shopping, housework’ in the day-to-day activities item not relevant. Ten respondents mentioned seven missing concepts, most commonly social relationships, community life and intellectual life. In terms of preferences for modifications, there was support for starting with day-to-day activities, using ‘difficulty’ rather than ‘trouble’ for the ‘concentrating/thinking clearly’ item, and ‘moderate’ over ‘some’ for the difficulty response scale. However, the experimental version’s wording was preferred for the mobility and control items. Overall, 28 of 30 respondents correctly ranked the cards in the card-sorting exercise for the modified frequency scale. Conclusions: This study confirmed the content validity of the experimental modified EQ-HWB9 self-complete and proxy versions in Hungarian social care user older adult-carer dyads and provided systematic evidence on the proposed modifications to inform the finalisation of the instrument.

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Ključne besede: carer, content validity, dyad, EuroQol Health and Wellbeing, EQ-HWB-9, modifications, proxy, qualitative approach, measuremeng
• Vrsta gradiva: Članek v reviji
• Tipologija: 1.01 - Izvirni znanstveni članek
• Organizacija: FDV - Fakulteta za družbene vede
• Status publikacije: V tisku
• Različica publikacije: Objavljena publikacija
• Datum objave: 01.01.2026
• Leto izida: 2026
• Št. strani: 59 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-186647
• UDK: 303.424:614.2:364-782.42-053.9(439)
• ISSN pri članku: 1477-7525
• DOI: 10.1186/s12955-026-02602-z
• COBISS.SI-ID: 288183043
• Datum objave v RUL: 03.09.2026

Gradivo je del revije

• Naslov: Health and quality of life outcomes
• Založnik: BioMed Central
• ISSN: 1477-7525
• COBISS.SI-ID: 2604820

Licence

• Licenca: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva 4.0 Mednarodna
• Povezava: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.sl
• Opis: To je standardna licenca Creative Commons, ki daje uporabnikom največ možnosti za nadaljnjo uporabo dela, pri čemer morajo navesti avtorja.

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: negovalec, veljavnost vsebine, diada, EQ-HWB-9, EuroQol zdravje in dobro počutje, modifikacije, posrednik, kvalitativeni vidik, merjenje