Vrednotenje obravnave bolečine pri hospitaliziranih bolnikih na Kliniki Golnik

Arzenšek, Maša (avtor), Knez, Lea (mentor)

Uvod: Bolečina je pogost simptom pri hospitaliziranih bolnikih in pomembno vpliva na kakovost življenja bolnikov, sodelovanje pri zdravljenju in zadovoljstvo bolnikov z bolnišnično oskrbo. Glavni namen magistrske naloge je bil opisati in ovrednotiti obravnavo bolečine pri internističnih bolnikih, hospitaliziranih na Kliniki Golnik, ter s tem prispevati k prepoznavanju možnosti za izboljšanje klinične prakse. Metode: V retrospektivno opazovalno raziskavo smo vključili 153 bolnikov, ki so bili na Kliniki Golnik hospitalizirani vsaj tri dni v enomesečnem obdobju leta 2025. Podatke smo pridobili s pregledom bolnikove zdravstvene dokumentacije. Bolečina se je ocenjevala z vizualno analogno lestvico (VAL). Rezultati: Kar 41,8 % bolnikov je vsaj enkrat ocenilo bolečino po VAL z več ali enako 4. Pri teh bolnikih je bila bolečina prisotna tretjino dni. Ocenjevanje bolečine je bilo ustrezno tri četrtine časa hospitalizacije, obrazec za obvladovanje bolečine je bil uporabljen le pri slabi polovici (45,3 %) bolnikov z bolečino, pri katerih je bila uporaba predvidena. Skoraj vsi bolniki z bolečino (95,3 %) so imeli predpisano analgetično terapijo po potrebi, manj kot polovica (40,6 %) pa je imela predpisano analgetično terapijo za redno uporabo. Ko je bolnik navajal bolečino, je bil v večini primerov (88,5 %) ponujen analgetik, ponovna ocena bolečine po prejemu analgetika pa v večini primerov (67,2 %) ni bila opravljena. Med vsemi bolniki je imelo 72,5 % predpisan vsaj en analgetik, najpogosteje paracetamol (82,9 %), metamizol (28,8 %) in druge NSAR (18,9 %). Šibke opioide je imelo predpisane 17,1 % bolnikov, močne opioide pa le 9,0 % bolnikov. Močni opioidi so bili uvedeni le pri štirih bolnikih, rotacija močnega opioida pa je bila opravljena pri dveh bolnikih. Zaključek: Bolečina je bila pogosto prisotna pri hospitaliziranih bolnikih, čeprav je le redko predstavljala primarni razlog za hospitalizacijo. Večinoma je bila dobro spremljana in zdravljena, saj je bilo ocenjevanje bolečine pogosto, bolnikom pa je bila na voljo analgetična terapija. Potreba po uporabi močnih opioidov je bila majhna, kar lahko nakazuje, da je bila bolečina pri večini bolnikov ustrezno obvladovana.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: bolnišnica, bolečina, analgetiki, paracetamol, nesteroidni antirevmatiki, opioidi
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
• Organizacija: FFA - Fakulteta za farmacijo
• Založnik: [M. Arzenšek]
• Leto izida: 2026
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-186179
• UDK: 615.2:616.8-009.7(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 289581827
• Datum objave v RUL: 28.08.2026

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Evaluation of pain management in patients hospitalised in the University Clinic Golnik

Izvleček

Introduction: Pain is a common symptom among hospitalized patients and significantly affects their quality of life, treatment adherence, and satisfaction with hospital care. The main aim of this master's thesis was to describe and evaluate pain management among internal medicine patients hospitalized at the Golnik Clinic, thereby contributing to the identification of potential opportunities for improving clinical practice. Methods: This retrospective observational study included 153 patients who had been hospitalized at the Golnik Clinic for at least three days during a one-month period in 2025. Data were obtained through a review of patients' medical records. Pain was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results: A total of 41.8% of patients reported pain with a VAS score of 4 or higher at least once during hospitalization. In these patients, pain was present during one-third of hospitalization days. Pain assessment was adequately performed during three-quarters of hospitalization time, while the pain management form was used in less than half (45.3%) of patients with pain for whom the form was indicated. Almost all patients with pain (95.3%) had analgesic therapy prescribed on an as-needed basis, whereas less than half (40.6%) had regular analgesic therapy prescribed. When pain was reported, an analgesic was offered in most cases (88.5%). Reassessment of pain after analgesic administration was not performed in most cases (67.2%). At least one analgesic was prescribed in 72.5% of patients, most commonly paracetamol (82.9%), metamizole (28.8%), and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (18.9%). Weak opioids were prescribed in 17.1% of patients, whereas strong opioids were prescribed in only 9.0% of patients. Strong opioids were initiated in only four patients, while opioid rotation was performed in two patients. Conclusion: Pain was frequently present among hospitalized patients, although it rarely represented the primary reason for hospitalization. In most cases, pain was adequately monitored and treated, as pain assessment was performed regularly and analgesic therapy was available to patients. The need for strong opioids was low, which may indicate that pain was adequately managed in most patients.

• Ključne besede: hospital, pain, analgesics, paracetamol, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, opioids