Introduction: Stroke is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide and often results in upper limb impairments that affect an individual’s independence in performing activities of daily living. Due to consequences such as reduced muscle strength, impaired coordination, and limited functional use of the affected limb, rehabilitation plays a crucial role in recovery after stroke. In recent years, telerehabilitation has been increasingly used because of limited access to rehabilitation services, geographical barriers, and the growing need for long-term rehabilitation. It enables the delivery of rehabilitation services remotely through the use of modern technologies. Aim: The aim of this diploma thesis was to analyse the current scientific evidence on the use of telerehabilitation in upper limb rehabilitation after stroke and to synthesise the key technological approaches, rehabilitation delivery models, and factors influencing the effectiveness of telerehabilitation in occupational therapy practice. Methods: A literature review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. The literature search was performed in the CINAHL, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. Keywords related to stroke, upper limb, occupational therapy, rehabilitation, and telerehabilitation were used. The literature selection process was presented using a PRISMA flow diagram. A total of 17 studies published between 2020 and 2026 were included in the final analysis. The level of evidence was determined according to the American Occupational Therapy Association criteria, while the methodological quality of the studies was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal tools. Results: The analysis of the included studies demonstrated that telerehabilitation has a positive impact on upper limb rehabilitation after stroke. The most commonly used approaches included virtual reality, robotics, smart devices, mobile applications, and other digital solutions that enable rehabilitation to be delivered in the home environment. The findings showed improvements in upper limb motor function, greater independence in activities of daily living, increased user motivation, and more effective monitoring of the rehabilitation process. Important factors contributing to successful telerehabilitation included individualised interventions, the active role of the occupational therapist, and appropriate technological support. Discussion and Conclusion: The literature review indicates that telerehabilitation is an effective and promising approach to the rehabilitation of individuals after stroke. It may improve upper limb function, increase access to rehabilitation services, and facilitate rehabilitation in the home environment. Despite its positive effects, challenges remain regarding technology accessibility, equipment costs, and the need for professional support. The successful implementation of telerehabilitation in occupational therapy depends on an individualised approach, user motivation, and the active role of the occupational therapist. In Slovenia, telerehabilitation is still a developing field; however, it represents an important opportunity for the further advancement of occupational therapy and the improvement of rehabilitation service accessibility.
|
