Effect of adherence to exercise-based injury prevention programmes on the risk of sports injuries : a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Viiala, Janne (avtor), Čech, Pavol (avtor), Bakalár, Peter (avtor), Paravlić, Armin (avtor), Ružbarský, Pavel (avtor), Sučka, Jaroslav (avtor), Toivo, Kerrtu (avtor), Parkkari, Jari (avtor), Leppänen, Mari (avtor)

Background Adherence may affect the effectiveness of injury prevention programmes (IPPs), yet no previous meta-analyses have examined the pooled impact of adherence to exercise-based IPPs across multiple injury types. The objective of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effect of exercise-based IPP adherence on the risk of sports injuries. Methods Six databases (PubMed, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, PEDro, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Web of Science) were searched from inception to the end of May 2023. Randomised, quasi-randomised controlled trials and cluster-randomised controlled trials investigating exercise-based sports injury prevention interventions and providing data on adherence were included in the systematic review. Studies included in the meta-analysis were divided into top (≥84%), middle (74%–83%) and bottom (<74%) adherence tertiles according to the percentage of completed intervention sessions with equal distribution in each tertile. Of 2647 identified reports, 52 studies were included in the systematic review and 35 of these were included in the meta-analysis. Results The top-adherence group had a 47% lower injury rate than the control group (rate ratio (RR)=0.53, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.67, p<0.001). In the middle and bottom-adherence groups, injury rates were RR=0.50 (95% CI 0.39 to 0.64, p<0.001) and RR=0.87 (95% CI 0.75 to 1.02, p=0.08), respectively. Meta-regression analysis confirmed the results of the primary meta-analysis showing that adherence level significantly moderates the sports injury rate (β=−0.013, p<0.001). Conclusions Higher adherence to IPPs resulted in reduced injury rates. When the adherence level was lower, the rate of injuries was not significantly reduced.

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Ključne besede: sport, injury prevention, exercise
• Vrsta gradiva: Članek v reviji
• Tipologija: 1.01 - Izvirni znanstveni članek
• Organizacija: FŠ - Fakulteta za šport
• Status publikacije: Objavljeno
• Različica publikacije: Objavljena publikacija
• Leto izida: 2026
• Št. strani: Str. 31-40
• Številčenje: Vol. 32, iss. 1
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-185605
• UDK: 796.01
• ISSN pri članku: 1475-5785
• DOI: 10.1136/ip-2025-045632
• COBISS.SI-ID: 250948355
• Datum objave v RUL: 12.08.2026

Gradivo je del revije

• Naslov: Injury prevention
• Skrajšan naslov: Inj. prev.
• Založnik: BMJ Group
• ISSN: 1475-5785
• COBISS.SI-ID: 3746836

Licence

• Licenca: CC BY-NC 4.0, Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva-Nekomercialno 4.0 Mednarodna
• Povezava: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.sl
• Opis: Licenca Creative Commons, ki prepoveduje komercialno uporabo, vendar uporabniki ne rabijo upravljati materialnih avtorskih pravic na izpeljanih delih z enako licenco.

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: šport, športne poškodbe, preprečevanje poškodb, vadba

Projekti

• Financer: Erasmus+ programme of the European Union
• Številka projekta: 622594-EPP-1-2020-1-SK-SPO-SCP
• Naslov: Physical activity-related injury prevention in adolescents

• Financer: Björkqvist Foundation and Urheiluopistosäätiö
• Program financ.: Personal grant