The diploma thesis deals with the optimization of the synthesis of iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO$_4$⸱7H$_2$O) from elemental iron and sulfuric acid. The aim of the work is to determine synthesis conditions that enable efficient dissolution of iron, formation of the product within the limited time of laboratory practice, and a satisfactory yield. For this purpose, different iron samples and several synthesis procedures are compared, in which the acid concentration, addition of concentrated H2SO4, and heating time are varied.
The efficiency of the synthesis is evaluated based on the course of iron dissolution, product crystallization, yield, and the suitability of each sample for use in the laboratory experiment. Selected products are further characterized by infrared (IR) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy, determination of magnetic properties using an Evans balance and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). Based on the results and the cost of the starting iron, the most suitable sample and procedure for further use in the laboratory synthesis of FeSO$_4$⸱7H$_2$O are determined.
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