Sistematični pregled literature o odnosu pacientk z rakom dojk do sistemskega protitumorskega zdravljenja z zdravili

Dekleva, Rebeka (avtor), Horvat, Nejc (mentor), Kodrič, Ana (komentor)

Rak dojk predstavlja najpogostejšo maligno bolezen pri ženskah in pomemben javnozdravstveni problem, ki zahteva celostno in dolgotrajno zdravljenje. Sistemsko protitumorsko zdravljenje z zdravili, ki vključuje kemoterapijo, hormonsko terapijo, tarčno zdravljenje in imunoterapijo, ima ključno vlogo pri obvladovanju bolezni, vendar je pogosto povezano s številnimi neželenimi učinki ter psihološkimi obremenitvami. Ti dejavniki pomembno vplivajo na odnos pacientk do zdravil, ki se uporabljajo v okviru sistemskega protitumorskega zdravljenja, njihov odnos pa je prepoznan kot eden ključnih dejavnikov sodelovanja pri zdravljenju in posledično tudi zdravstvenih izidov. Namen magistrskega dela je bil sistematično analizirati in kritično ovrednotiti obstoječe kvantitativne študije, ki obravnavajo odnos pacientk z rakom dojk do zdravil, ki se uporabljajo v okviru sistemskega protitumorskega zdravljenja, ter identificirati dejavnike, ki vplivajo na oblikovanje tega odnosa. Poseben poudarek je bil namenjen preučevanju povezave med odnosom do zdravil in sodelovanjem pri zdravljenju. V skladu s smernicami PRISMA 2020 smo izvedli sistematični pregled literature. Iskanje je bilo opravljeno v podatkovni bazi PubMed in omejeno na objave desetih let (11.11.2015 – 11.11.2025). V končno analizo je bilo vključenih 22 študij, ki so ustrezale vnaprej določenim vključitvenim kriterijem. Podatki so bili analizirani deskriptivno, pri čemer so bili posebej obravnavani merski instrumenti za vrednotenje odnosa do zdravil, predvsem vprašalnik Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ), ter dejavniki, povezani s tem odnosom. Rezultati pregleda kažejo, da je odnos pacientk do zdravil večdimenzionalen in vključuje zaznano potrebo po zdravljenju ter zaskrbljenost glede njegovih neželenih učinkov. Pozitiven odnos do zdravil je povezan z boljšim sodelovanjem pri zdravljenju, medtem ko negativna ali ambivalentna prepričanja o zdravilih pogosto spremlja slabše sodelovanje. Na oblikovanje odnosa vplivajo številni dejavniki, vključno s strahom pred ponovitvijo bolezni, izkušnjami z neželenimi učinki, stopnjo zaupanja v zdravstveni sistem ter kakovostjo komunikacije z zdravstvenimi delavci. Ugotovitve poudarjajo pomen celostnega pristopa k obravnavi pacientk z rakom dojk, ki vključuje tudi razumevanje njihovih prepričanj in odnosa do predpisanih zdravil. Izboljšanje komunikacije, individualizacija obravnave in podpora pacientkam pri soočanju z zdravljenjem lahko pomembno prispevajo k boljšemu sodelovanju pri zdravljenju in s tem k uspešnejšim zdravstvenim izidom.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: rak dojk, odnos do zdravil, sistemsko protitumorsko zdravljenje, sodelovanje pri zdravljenju
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
• Organizacija: FFA - Fakulteta za farmacijo
• Založnik: [R. Dekleva]
• Leto izida: 2026
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-183954
• UDK: 615.03:618.19-006(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 282693123
• Datum objave v RUL: 23.06.2026

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Systematic literature review of breast cancer patients' attitudes towards systemic antitumor drug therapy

Izvleček

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy among women and represents a major public health concern requiring comprehensive and long-term management. Systemic antitumor drug therapy, including chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, plays a crucial role in disease control. However, it is often associated with significant adverse effects and psychological burden, which can strongly influence patients’ attitudes toward medicines used in systemic antitumor therapy. These attitudes are recognized as key determinants of medication adherence and, consequently, treatment outcomes. The aim of this thesis was to systematically analyze and critically evaluate existing quantitative studies investigating breast cancer patients’ attitudes toward systemic antitumor drug therapy and to identify factors influencing the formation of these attitudes. Special attention was given to the relationship between attitudes toward medicines and treatment adherence. A systematic literature review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The literature search was performed in the PubMed database and was limited to studies published over a ten-year period, from 11 November 2015 to 11 November 2025. A total of 22 studies meeting predefined inclusion criteria were included in the final analysis. Data were analyzed descriptively, with a focus on measurement instruments assessing attitudes toward medicines, particularly the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ), as well as factors associated with these attitudes. The results indicate that patients’ attitudes toward medicines are multidimensional, encompassing perceived necessity of treatment and concerns about potential adverse effects. Positive attitudes are associated with better adherence, whereas negative or ambivalent beliefs often lead to poorer adherence. Several factors influence these attitudes, including fear of disease recurrence, experience of side effects, trust in the healthcare system, and the quality of communication between the patient and healthcare professionals. The findings highlight the importance of a holistic approach to breast cancer care that includes understanding patients’ beliefs and attitudes toward treatment. Improving communication, personalizing care, and providing adequate support may significantly enhance treatment adherence and ultimately improve clinical outcomes.

• Ključne besede: breast cancer, attitudes toward medicines, systemic antitumor therapy, treatment adherence