Samoučinkovitost in socialna opora kot dejavnika problematičnega spletnega vedenja mladostnikov : mediacijska vloga duševnega zdravja in duševnih težav

Horvat, Janja (avtor), Zager Kocjan, Gaja (mentor), Selak, Špela (komentor)

V sodobnem svetu so družbena omrežja postala ključen del vsakdanjika mladostnikov, a njihova problematična raba in spletno nasilje predstavljata vse večji izziv. V raziskovanju ostaja odprto vprašanje o tem, kateri dejavniki se povezujejo z ranljivostjo za to problematično vedenje. V naši raziskavi nas je zanimalo, ali razlago omogoča splošna teorija napetosti (angl. general strain theory), v skladu s katero smo oblikovali pojasnjevali model, v katerem zaznana socialna opora (prijateljev in družine) ter samoučinkovitost direktno in indirektno preko čustvovanja (anksioznosti in čustvenega blagostanja) napovedujeta manj simptomov problematične rabe družbenih omrežij in nižjo verjetnost povzročanja spletnega nasilja. Podatki so bili zbrani v okviru raziskave Z zdravjem povezana vedenja šolskih otrok leta 2022, ki zajema vzorec 8.638 šolskih otrok in mladostnikov, starih 11, 13, 15 in 17 let. Podatki so bili analizirani z uporabo strukturnega modeliranja. Rezultati so pokazali dobro prileganje modelu splošne teorije napetosti. Pokazali so se pomembni direktni in indirektni učinki socialne opore družine in samoučinkovitosti na problematično vedenje na spletu. Anksioznost se je pokazala kot mediator, saj sta višja socialna opora družine in samoučinkovitost napovedovali nižjo anksioznost ter preko nje manj problematičnega vedenja na spletu. Socialna opora prijateljev je pomembno učinkovala zgolj na blagostanje, ki v odnosu med socialno oporo družine in problematično rabo družbenih omrežij ter med samoučinkovitostjo in problematično rabo ni imelo mediatorske vloge. Rezultati podpirajo splošno teorijo napetosti, kjer napetost (nezadostna socialna opora družine) in zaznana sposobnost konstruktivnega spoprijemanja (samoučinkovitost) direktno in indirektno preko negativnega čustvovanja (anksioznosti) napovedujeta problematično vedenje (problematično rabo družbenih omrežij in povzročanje spletnega nasilja). Socialna opora družine in samoučinkovitost torej predstavljata varovalna dejavnika, ki odpirata možnost za preventivne intervence. Izsledki poglabljajo razumevanje problematičnega vedenja na družbenih omrežjih in kažejo, da je treba problematično vedenje obravnavati celostno – tako preko socialnega okolja kot tudi notranjih psiholoških procesov.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: uporaba družbenih omrežij, socialna opora, samoučinkovitost, subjektivno blagostanje, anksioznost, mladostniki
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
• Organizacija: FF - Filozofska fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [J. Horvat]
• Leto izida: 2026
• Št. strani: 51 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-183518
• UDK: 159.923:004.738.5-053.6(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 282042115
• Datum objave v RUL: 13.06.2026

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Self-efficacy and social support as factors of problematic online behavior in adolescents : the mediating role of mental wellbeing and illbeing

Izvleček

In the modern world social media has become an integral part of everyday life of adolescents. However, their problematic use and cyberbullying are an increasing issue. Understanding which factors are associated with the vulnerability for this problematic online behaviour remains a gap in the literature. The purpose of our study was to explore under which social and personality dispositions as well as emotional conditions are adolescents vulnerable for problematic social media behaviours. Furthermore, we researched the possibility of explaining the phenomena through general strain theory, based on which we developed a proposed model where perceived social support (from family and friends) and self-efficacy directly as well as indirectly via emotions (anxiety and emotional well-being) predict less symptoms of problematic social media use and less cyberbullying perpetration. Data was collected in the Health behaviour of school children study from 2022, which includes 8638 school children and adolescents aged 11, 13, 15 and 17 years old. Data was analysed using structural equation modelling. Results showed good fit of the data to the model of general strain theory. Significant direct and indirect effects were shown for family social support and self-efficacy, whereas friend social support showed a significant effect only on well-being. Anxiety was an important mediator, where higher family social support and self-efficacy predict lowed anxiety and partly through this lower problematic online behaviour. Friend social support significantly predicted only emotional well-being, which did not play a mediatory role between family social support and problematic behaviour as well as between self-efficacy and problematic behaviour. Results support general strain theory, where strain (insufficient family social support) and perceived ability of effective coping (self-efficacy) directly and indirectly via negative emotion (anxiety) predict problematic behaviour (problematic social media use and cyberbullying perpetration). With this, family social support and self-efficacy are important protective factors and offer pathways to prevention. These findings deepen our understanding of problematic behaviour on social media, where the need for a holistic approach was supported. Both social environment and internal psychological processes were shown to be important.

• Ključne besede: social media use, social support, self-efficacy, subjective well-being, anxiety, adolescents