Vloga medicinske sestre pri obvladovanju stresa pri ženskah v času nosečnosti : diplomsko delo

Verzelak, Neža (avtor), Mlinar, Suzana (mentor), Lapanja, Aljoša (recenzent)

Uvod: Nosečnost predstavlja pomembno življenjsko obdobje, ki lahko poleg fizioloških sprememb prinese tudi številne psihološke in socialne obremenitve. Prenatalni stres lahko pomembno vpliva na duševno zdravje nosečnice ter na potek nosečnosti in razvoj ploda. Zaradi možnih negativnih posledic je prepoznavanje in obvladovanje stresa v času nosečnosti pomembno področje zdravstvene obravnave, pri katerem ima pomembno vlogo tudi medicinska sestra. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil ugotoviti, kateri dejavniki vplivajo na pojav prenatalnega stresa, kakšne so njegove posledice za nosečnico in perinatalne izide ter kakšna je vloga medicinske sestre pri prepoznavanju in obvladovanju stresa v času nosečnosti. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela s pregledom znanstvene literature. Literaturo smo iskali v podatkovnih bazah MedLine v brskalniku PubMed, CINAHL, COBIB v brskalniku COBISS in ERIC. V končni pregled je bilo vključenih 10 raziskav. Rezultati: Pregled literature je pokazal, da na pojav prenatalnega stresa vplivajo različni psihosocialni dejavniki, med katerimi imajo pomembno vlogo socialna podpora, finančna negotovost, pretekle življenjske izkušnje ter različne življenjske obremenitve. Povišana raven prenatalnega stresa je povezana z večjo pojavnostjo anksioznosti in depresivnih simptomov pri nosečnicah ter lahko vpliva tudi na perinatalne izide, kot so prezgodnji porod ali nižja porodna teža novorojenčka. Raziskave poudarjajo tudi pomembno vlogo medicinskih sester pri zgodnjem prepoznavanju psiholoških stisk ter pri izvajanju različnih intervencij za zmanjševanje stresa, kot so psihosocialna podpora, izobraževanje nosečnic ter uporaba nefarmakoloških pristopov. Razprava in zaključek: Prenatalni stres je pomemben dejavnik tveganja za zdravje nosečnice in potek nosečnosti. Ključno je zgodnje prepoznavanje psiholoških stisk ter izvajanje ustreznih podpornih intervencij. Medicinske sestre imajo pri tem pomembno vlogo, saj lahko s strokovnim znanjem, komunikacijo in podporo prispevajo k zmanjševanju prenatalnega stresa ter k izboljšanju psihološkega počutja nosečnic. Pomembna je celostna obravnava nosečnic ter večja pozornost duševnemu zdravju v času nosečnosti.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, prenatalni stres, perinatalni izidi, psihološko počutje, socialna podpora
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [N. Verzelak]
• Leto izida: 2026
• Št. strani: VIII, 21 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-183337
• UDK: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 281228547
• Datum objave v RUL: 11.06.2026

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: The role of nurses in stress management among pregnant women : diploma work

Izvleček

Introduction: Pregnancy represents an important life period that, in addition to physiological changes, may also bring various psychological and social burdens. Prenatal stress can significantly affect the mental health of the pregnant woman, as well as the course of pregnancy and fetal development. Due to its potential negative consequences, the recognition and management of stress during pregnancy represent an important area of healthcare, in which nurses play a significant role. Aim: The aim of the diploma thesis was to identify the factors influencing the occurrence of prenatal stress, its consequences for the pregnant woman and perinatal outcomes, and the role of nurses in its recognition and management during pregnancy. Methods: A descriptive method with a review of scientific literature was used. The literature was searched in the MedLine database via PubMed, CINAHL, COBIB via COBISS, and ERIC. A total of 10 studies were included in the final review. Results: The literature review showed that various psychosocial factors influence the occurrence of prenatal stress, including social support, financial insecurity, previous life experiences, and different life burdens. Elevated levels of prenatal stress are associated with a higher prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms in pregnant women and may also affect perinatal outcomes, such as preterm birth and low birth weight. The studies also highlight the important role of nurses in the early recognition of psychological distress and in implementing various stress-reduction interventions, such as psychosocial support, education of pregnant women, and the use of non-pharmacological approaches. Discussion and conclusion: Prenatal stress is an important risk factor for the health of the pregnant woman and the course of pregnancy. Early recognition of psychological distress and the implementation of appropriate supportive interventions are essential. Nurses play a key role in this process, as their professional knowledge, communication, and support can contribute to reducing prenatal stress and improving the psychological well-being of pregnant women. A holistic approach to the care of pregnant women and greater attention to mental health during pregnancy are of great importance.

• Ključne besede: diploma theses, nursing care, prenatal stress, perinatal outcomes, psychological well-being, social support