Introduction: Diabetic foot is among the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus and frequently leads to ulcers and amputations. The interplay of neuropathy, ischemia, and infections requires comprehensive, interdisciplinary management in which radiological diagnostics and prosthetic rehabilitation play central roles in preserving functionality and quality of life. Purpose: The aim of this diploma thesis is to present the role of radiological imaging methods in the management of the diabetic foot, particularly in the early detection of structural and pathological changes and in the planning of individually tailored orthotic and prosthetic devices. The thesis emphasizes the importance of imaging diagnostics for a more precise assessment of functional foot changes, support of clinical decision-making, and more effective prevention of complications, including ulcers and amputations. Methods: A systematic review of professional and scientific literature in the Slovene and English languages published between 2013 and 2025 was conducted using bibliographic databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Keywords in both languages were applied, and inclusion and exclusion criteria considered full-text availability, language, timeframe, and thematic relevance. Following the PRISMA protocol, 82 sources were initially identified. In the final analysis 7 studies were included, focusing on radiological diagnostics of infections and osteomyelitis, as well as prosthetic rehabilitation after eliminating duplicates and screening titles, abstracts, and full texts. Results: Magnetic resonance imaging shows the highest diagnostic accuracy in diabetic foot infections, particularly for detecting soft-tissue involvement and early bone marrow oedema. Hybrid imaging techniques provide high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing osteomyelitis from soft-tissue infections and are also valuable in assessing remission. Several studies underline the relevance of systematic protocols that combine different imaging modalities, as this approach improves diagnostic reliability and guides more targeted treatment. Discussion and conclusion: Accurate radiological assessment directly guides orthotic and prosthetic practice by determining the extent of amputation, influencing the choice of devices, and supporting individualized patient care. Repeated imaging facilitates monitoring of healing and timely adjustments, reducing the risk of recurrent ulcers and improving rehabilitation outcomes. Nonetheless, literature highlights the limitations of single modalities, emphasizing the need to interpret findings within the clinical context and through multidisciplinary collaboration. The analysis confirms that combining advanced imaging techniques with tailored prosthetic management forms the foundation of modern, patient-centred care for individuals with diabetic foot.
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