Emergence and dynamics of gas-accelerated liquid sheets : insights into liquid chain formation

Kovačič, Krištof (avtor), Zahoor, Rizwan (avtor), Kušar, Jernej (avtor), Bajt, Saša (avtor), Šarler, Božidar (avtor)

This study examines the behavior of liquid chain, open rim, and transitional jet–liquid chain regimes in gas-accelerated liquid micro-sheets using experimentally validated numerical simulations. The simulations employ the finite volume method with a volume-of-fluid framework to resolve compressible ideal gas flow impinging on a Newtonian, laminar liquid jet under atmospheric conditions. Adaptive mesh refinement is used to resolve the gas–liquid interface. The validation of the model is performed based on a purpose-built experimental setup over the range of gas–liquid momentum flux ratios 0.03 < MFR < 2.6, and Weber numbers, evaluated at the liquid capillary inlet, 3.8 < We < 49, achieving an agreement of the simulated liquid-sheet shape below experimental uncertainty. Three typical flow regimes are explained by the interplay of gas momentum, liquid inertia, and surface tension, scaled by the liquid-sheet rim Weber number (We▫$_{rim}$▫), based on rim curvature and the rim transverse velocity. The transitional jet–liquid chain regime occurs at We▫$_{rim}$▫ < 0.1; where the surface tension dominates, result- ing in only a slight change of the liquid jet cross section. In the liquid chain regime (0.1 < We▫$_{rim}$▫ < 1) gas inertia forms the sheet, then surface tension bends the rim inward, and transverse momentum transfer forms an orthogonal secondary link. In the open rim regime (We▫$_{rim}$▫ > 2), dominant rim inertia prevents sheet closure. The Weber number (We), based on the nozzle inlet parameters, can predict the liquid chain regime in the range 1.5 ≤ MFR We▫$^{0.84}$▫ ≤ 4. This relation provides practical guidance for stable liquid chain operation.

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Ključne besede: ideal gas, physical quantities, computer simulation, finite volume methods, adaptive mesh refinement, gas liquid interfaces, fluid dynamics, fluid flows, fluid jets, multiphase flows
• Vrsta gradiva: Članek v reviji
• Tipologija: 1.01 - Izvirni znanstveni članek
• Organizacija: FS - Fakulteta za strojništvo
• Status publikacije: Objavljeno
• Različica publikacije: Objavljena publikacija
• Leto izida: 2026
• Št. strani: 25 str.
• Številčenje: Vol. 38, issue 1, art. 012008
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-178214
• UDK: 532.5
• ISSN pri članku: 1089-7666
• DOI: 10.1063/5.0311193
• COBISS.SI-ID: 265567747
• Datum objave v RUL: 21.01.2026

Gradivo je del revije

• Naslov: Physics of fluids
• Skrajšan naslov: Phys. fluids
• Založnik: American Institute of Physics
• ISSN: 1089-7666
• COBISS.SI-ID: 18986023

Licence

• Licenca: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva 4.0 Mednarodna
• Povezava: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.sl
• Opis: To je standardna licenca Creative Commons, ki daje uporabnikom največ možnosti za nadaljnjo uporabo dela, pri čemer morajo navesti avtorja.

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: idealni plin, fizikalne veličine, računalniška simulacija, metoda končnih volumnov, adaptivno zgoščevanje mreže, plinsko kapljevite meje, dinamika tekočin, tokovi tekočin, kapljeviti curki, večfazni tokovi