Introduction: Population aging represents one of the greatest contemporary demographic challenges, with an increasing number of older adults experiencing various degrees of cognitive changes. These changes can significantly affect their independence, everyday functioning, and overall quality of life. Mild cognitive impairment is considered a transitional state between normal aging and dementia; therefore, its early detection is of utmost importance. Timely intervention can substantially contribute to slowing the progression of symptoms. Occupational therapy plays a crucial role in this process, as it uses activities aimed at promoting neuroplasticity, maintaining cognitive functions, and strengthening independence, actively involving individuals in meaningful occupations and enabling a higher level of participation in everyday life.Purpose: The purpose of this thesis was to review scientific and professional literature on the role of occupational therapy in maintaining cognitive functions in older adults with mild cognitive impairment and to determine which occupational therapy interventions are most commonly used and what impact they have on the individual. Methods: A review of scientific and professional literature was conducted in the PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases. Included were articles published between 2004 and 2025 that addressed occupational therapy in individuals with mild cognitive impairment. The quality of the articles was assessed according to the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines, which enabled an objective evaluation of the reliability and methodological adequacy of the included literature. Results: Nine studies were included in the final analysis. Three main themes were identified: the role of occupational therapy in maintaining cognitive functions, the most common interventions, and the importance of a holistic approach involving family and environment. The results indicate that occupational therapy improves memory, attention, and independence in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Discussion and conclusion: Occupational therapy plays a key role in maintaining cognitive functioning and independence among older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Through a holistic approach that integrates the individual, their environment, and family support, occupational therapists promote active aging and help prevent further cognitive decline. Future longitudinal studies with larger samples and standardized assessment tools are needed to confirm the long-term effects of these interventions.
|
