Pravni izzivi pri obravnavi mnenj v postopkih izdaje gradbenega dovoljenja : magistrsko delo

Trdin, Nataša (avtor), Kovač, Polonca (mentor)

Magistrsko delo obravnava postopke izdaje gradbenega dovoljenja v Republiki Sloveniji s poudarkom na vlogi mnenj mnenjedajalcev po Gradbenem zakonu (GZ-1), ki se uporablja od 1. junija 2022. GZ-1 predstavlja temeljni predpis na področju graditve objektov in je bil sprejet kot odziv na težave pri izvajanju prejšnjih zakonov. Med ključnimi novostmi sta prenos pristojnosti za ugotavljanje skladnosti s prostorskimi izvedbenimi akti (PIA) z upravnih enot na občine ter prenova sistema soglasij v sistem mnenj Mnenja mnenjedajalcev (državnih organov, občin in nosilcev javnih pooblastil) imajo pomembno vlogo pri odločanju o izdaji gradbenega dovoljenja. Čeprav niso upravni akti in jih ni mogoče samostojno izpodbijati, so obvezna podlaga za odločitev pristojnega organa. V praksi sistem še ne dosega cilja poenostavitve postopkov. Postopki se pogosto podaljšujejo zaradi nejasnih, nepopolnih ali prepoznih mnenj, pa tudi zaradi neusklajenosti PIA ter različnih razlag predpisov med organi. Delo vključuje analizo statističnih podatkov, ki ponuja vpogled v pravne in upravne izzive pridobivanja mnenj ter njihov vpliv na trajanje in učinkovitost postopkov. Posebej je predstavljena primerjava s hrvaškim sistemom, zlasti na področju elektronskega poslovanja pri izdaji gradbenih dovoljenj, kjer so bile prepoznane dobre prakse, uporabne tudi za slovenski sistem. Prispevek magistrskega dela je analiza mnenj mnenjedajalcev kot razmeroma novega instituta, za katerega še ni ustaljene sodne prakse. Delo ponuja konkretne izboljšave, med drugim poenotenje obrazcev, digitalizacijo postopkov ter jasnejšo ureditev prostorskih in gradbenih predpisov. Rezultati lahko služijo kot podlaga za prihodnje zakonodajne spremembe in kot vodilo za učinkovitejše vodenje postopkov.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: gradbeno dovoljenje, mnenjedajalci, mnenje, občne, upravni postopek, trajanje postopkov, pravna sredstva, upravne enote, Slovenija, Hrvaška
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
• Organizacija: FU - Fakulteta za upravo
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [N. Trdin]
• Leto izida: 2025
• Št. strani: X, 140 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-177212
• UDK: 351.778.511:34:352(497.4)(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 262261251
• Datum objave v RUL: 17.12.2025

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Legal challenges in dealing with opinions in issuing building permits' procedures

Izvleček

The master’s thesis examines the procedures for issuing building permits in the Republic of Slovenia, with an emphasis on the role of opinions provided by opinion-givers under the Construction Act (GZ-1), which has been in force since 1 June 2022. GZ-1 is the fundamental regulation in the field of construction and was adopted in response to difficulties encountered in the implementation of previous legislation. Among its key innovations are the transfer of competence for determining compliance with spatial implementation acts (PIA) from administrative units to municipalities, and the reform of the consent system into a system of opinions. The opinions of opinion-givers (state authorities, municipalities, and holders of public authority) play an important role in deciding whether to issue a building permit. Although these opinions are not administrative acts and cannot be challenged independently, they are a mandatory basis for the decision of the competent authority. In practice, however, the system has yet to achieve the intended simplification of procedures. Proceedings are often prolonged due to unclear, incomplete, or late opinions, as well as due to inconsistencies in PIAs and differing interpretations of regulations among authorities. The thesis includes an analysis of statistical data, providing insight into the legal and administrative challenges related to obtaining opinions and their impact on the duration and efficiency of procedures. A comparison with the Croatian system is presented, particularly regarding electronic administration in the issuance of building permits, where good practices have been identified that may also be useful for the Slovenian system. The contribution of the master’s thesis lies in the analysis of opinions by opinion-givers as a relatively new institute for which no established case law yet exists. The thesis offers concrete improvements, including the standardisation of forms, the digitalisation of procedures, and clearer regulation of spatial and construction legislation. The results may serve as a basis for future legislative amendments and as guidance for more efficient management of procedures.

• Ključne besede: building permit, opinion providers, opinion, municipalities, administrative procedure, duration of procedures, legal remedies, administrative units, Slovenia, Croatia