Fonološko zavedanje pri otrocih z razvojno jezikovno motnjo - sistematični pregled literature od 2007 do 2022 : magistrsko delo

Čop, Ana (avtor), Kogovšek, Damjana (mentor), Novšak Brce, Jerneja (komentor)

Fonološko zavedanje (FZ) je neločljivo povezano z jezikom, delovnim spominom in govornim procesiranjem, na teh področjih pa otroci z razvojno jezikovno motnjo (RJM) kažejo pomembna odstopanja in težave. Ugotovitve o FZ otrok z RJM precej razpršeno, zato je bil namen naše raziskave narediti celostni pregled obstoječe novejše literature o tej temi in njene povezanosti z jezikovnimi področji, kjer imajo otroci z RJM odstopanja. Po protokolu PRISMA modela za sistematične preglede literature smo s ključnimi besedami pregledali 6 platform baz podatkov, v katerih smo identificirali 7139 potencialnih zadetkov. Ročno smo pregledali še slovenske objave v izbranih revijah in zbornikih kongresov. Preko procesa odstranjevanja dvojnikov, presejanja in presojanja ustreznosti glede na postavljene kriterije smo v analizo vključili 76 virov, ki so poročali o 65 raziskavah, opravljenih v različnih jezikih, z različno staro populacijo otrok z RJM do 12 let in različno velikimi vzorci, v katerih je bil uporabljen izjemno heterogen nabor testnega materiala za preverjanje FZ. Večina raziskav poroča, da otroci z RJM dosegajo pomembno slabše rezultate v različnih nalogah, ki preverjajo FZ, v primerjavi s kontrolnimi skupinami enako starih in tudi mlajših otrok značilnega jezikovnega razvoja. Določeno heterogenost v uspešnosti je zaznati, nekatere raziskave poročajo o večji razpršenosti rezultatov ter manjših odstopanjih pri otrocih z RJM, ki nimajo težav z dekodiranjem. Kljub pomanjkanju raziskav in relativno majhnih vzorcih raziskovalnih skupin se kaže trend, da otroci z RJM v FZ napredujejo po podobnih univerzalnih načelih (od večjih do manjših enot besede, od enostavnejših kongitivnih operacij do kompleksnejših) kot otroci značilnega razvoja, vendar vsaj pri kompleksnejših nalogah ne dosežejo stopnje obvladanja niti okrog 12. leta. Povezanost FZ z besediščem, oblikoskladnjo in opismenjevanjem je relativno slabo raziskano področje z relativno kontradiktivnimi ugotovitvami o moči oz. prisotnosti korelacijske povezanosti, kot tudi napovedne vrednosti FZ. Fonološko zavedanje je pri otrocih z RJM pričakovano lahko področje, pri katerem pogosto prihaja do pomembnih odstopanj v napredku in uspešnosti. V določeni meri je povezano z različnimi ravnmi jezika in vpliva, skupaj z drugimi dejavniki (npr. jezikovno zmožnostjo, delovnim spominom, hitrim poimenovanjem), na proces opismenjevanja, ni pa nujno povezano s (so)pojavom disleksije.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: razvojna jezikovna motnja, fonološko zavedanje, razvoj fonološkega zavedanja, sistematični pregled literature, Jezikovne motnje pri otrocih
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
• Organizacija: PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: A. Čop
• Leto izida: 2025
• Št. strani: 113 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-177200
• UDK: 376.1-056.264(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 262237187
• Datum objave v RUL: 17.12.2025

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Phonological Awareness in Children with Developmental Language Disorder - a Systematic Review of the Literature from 2007 to 2022

Izvleček

Phonological awareness (PA) is closely related to language, working memory, and speech processing, areas in which children with developmental language disorder (DLD) show significant deficits and difficulties. The existing knowledge about PA in children with DLD is quite scattered, which is why the aim of our research was to provide a comprehensive review of the latest literature on this topic and its connection to language domains where children with DLD show impairment. Following the PRISMA protocol for systematic literature reviews, we reviewed six database platforms with key words, identifying 7,139 potential hits. We also manually reviewed Slovenian publications in selected journals and conference proceedings. Through a process of removing duplicates, screening, and eligibility assessment based on established criteria, we included 76 sources in the analysis, which reported on 65 studies conducted in various languages, involving children with DLD up to the age of 12, with different sample sizes, which used highly heterogeneous sets of test materials to assess PA. Most studies report that children with DLD achieve significantly poorer results on various tasks testing PA compared to control groups of children of the same age and even younger children with typical language development. Some heterogeneity in performance was observed; certain studies reported greater variability in results and smaller deficits in children with DLD who did not have decoding difficulties. Despite the lack of research and relatively small sample sizes in research groups, a trend appears indicating that children with DLD progress in PA according to similar universal principles (from larger to smaller units of words, from simpler cognitive operations to more complex ones) as children with typical development. However, at least in more complex tasks, they do not reach proficiency levels even by the age of 12. The connection between PA and vocabulary, morphosyntax, and literacy is a relatively under-researched area with somewhat contradictory findings regarding the strength or presence of correlational connections, as well as the predictive value of PA. Phonological awareness in children with DLD is an area where significant impairment in progress and performance are often observed. To some extent, PA is related to different levels of language and influences, together with other factors (e.g., language ability, working memory, rapid naming), the process of literacy acquisition, but it is not necessarily linked to the co-occurrence of dyslexia.

• Ključne besede: developmental language disorder, phonological awareness, development of phonological awareness, systematic literature review