In order to teach preschool children artistic expression, we have to be familiar with the basic pedagogic principles, which are mentioned in the text. We have to pay attention to the characteristics of psycho-physical development in preschool as well as to eleven other characteristics of artistic development.
In my diploma I focus on drawing and sculpture. The most common art accessories for drawing in preschool are pencil, crayons, markers etc. The most common materials for sculpture in preschool are clay, plasticine, paper, natural materials etc. I also focus on the phases of drawing
development.
In the theoretical part I emphasize memory. I focus on preschool children's memory, but I also explore other kinds of memory, including visual memory, which is very important in art. I also focus on the concept of information retention, what that means and which are its factors. I also
look at the research about information retention, which shows that children memorize information the most after 1 day, a little less after 2 weeks, and the least after 6 months.
In the first empirical part I examine and compare the quantity and the types of materials used for drawing and sculpture at different ages at different kindergartens. I focus on the structure of the children's groups, whether they were heterogeneous or homogeneous. This serves as the basis for the active research to determine which of the focus fields (drawing or sculpture) has more materials, assets and accessories available to children. I compare the results with the survey of preschool teachers, which forms the second empirical part. I also focus on preschool teachers’ opinions on how much attention they pay to the possibilities of encouraging information retention through the children’s art activities during preschool.
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