This study empirically examines the relationship between the price of IP
cameras and their cybersecurity. Through penetration testing of two models
from different price ranges, we find that higher-priced devices offer better
security mechanisms, including TLS 1.3 encryption, TPM chips, and regular
firmware updates. However, even expensive cameras remain vulnerable to
misconfiguration. The most critical flaw in low-cost devices is immutable
default credentials for RTSP access, which prevents security optimizations.
Results confirm the hypothesis that price influences security, but only partially,
as user practices and manufacturer support are equally critical. The
study highlights the need for standardized security requirements for IoT devices.
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