In the context of accelerated technological change and an evolving security environment—both reflected in NATO’s recent strategic documents—this research highlights the need for a systematic examination of how technological innovations affect the Alliance’s Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear defence components and capabilities.
The primary objective of this paper is to analyse the extent to which recognised technologies—such as artificial intelligence, quantum technologies, biotechnology, advanced materials, and sensor networks—affect the key functional pillars of CBRN defence: detection, identification, physical protection, information and knowledge management, risk mitigation, and medical countermeasures. The research is based on a qualitative analysis of primary strategic, doctrinal, and standardisation sources, supported by secondary academic and professional literature as well as practical experience.
The analysis confirms that NATO, through structured innovation mechanisms such as DIANA, the NATO Innovation Fund, and other institutional frameworks, actively addresses technological challenges and integrates them into its defence planning and capability development. Findings indicate that emerging and disruptive technologies are a key enabler in enhancing responsiveness, resilience, and operational effectiveness in CBRN defence.
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