The Tunnel of Salvation and Sarajevo Roses, as examples of material traces of war, became key elements of collective memory after the end of the siege of Sarajevo. Using the theoretical framework of Halbwachs and Appadurai, the article shows how material objects acquire different meanings in different historical periods and social contexts, from survival infrastructure to museumized spaces, from traces of violence and death to silent reminders of civilian victims. Together, the two monuments form a multi-layered memorial landscape of the city where they emerge, impose, exchange and intertwine official, authoritative, and ethnically charged narratives with intimate forms of remembrance. Collective memory is not uniform, but selective, multi-layered, and often subject to political manipulation. Nevertheless, through its various forms of materialization, it remains crucial to understanding the identity of the city and its society.
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