Introduction: Radiology is at the forefront of research into medical digital technology and the use of AI (Artificial Intelligence). In recent years, AI algorithms have emerged that can help radiologists in their daily work. Dealing with certain complex cases of lung cancer can be challenging for radiologists, which in turn is easier and undemanding for the use of AI algorithms. Purpose: The aim of this master thesis is to introduce the field of artificial intelligence to the reader, with a focus on pulmonary nodule detection, and to use a series of case studies to see how AI tools can help to facilitate the work of radiographers, radiologists and enable faster treatment of patients. Methods: The survey was conducted in two parts. In the first part, we used a descriptive method. We used different databases such as Medline, PubMed... . In the second part, we conducted a case study using open source software to determine the effectiveness of AI tools. In the study, we used 20 cases obtained from the database of the Clinical Institute of Radiology, University Clinical Centre Ljubljana and from the freely available LUNA database16. Results: As part of our master thesis, we found that the Lung Nodule CT Detection model, which is part of the MONAI Label, detects 14 true positive nodules and 53 false positive nodules images from everyday clinical settings. In the master thesis we also wanted to check how good the Lung Nodule CT Detection model is in the case of images from the LUNA16 database on which the model was also trained. We found that the model detects 18 true positive nodules, 137 false positive nodules. In the course of our research, we found that the score_tresh and nms_tresh parameters can significantly improve the ratio of FP scores. Discussion and conclusion: As part of our master thesis, we found that the Lung Nodule CT Detection model detects a lung nodule after pre-labelling the ROI and detects it correctly. The model has some shortcomings as it also gives us some FP score, which can be further reduced in the future by using score_tresh and nms_tresh parameters.
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