Venerični bolniki v slovenskem partizanstvu: Odnos do spolno prenosljivih bolezni, bolnikov in spolnosti

Vončina, Leonard (avtor), Valič, Urša (mentor)

Diplomska naloga obravnava problematiko veneričnih bolezni med slovenskimi partizani med drugo svetovno vojno. Posebej se osredotoča na odnos do spolno prenosljivih bolezni, bolnikov ter spolnosti znotraj partizanskega gibanja. Raziskava temelji na analizi zgodovinskih virov, vključno s spomini in poročili partizanskih zdravnikov, ter obravnava vprašanja tabujev povezanih s spolnimi boleznimi in spolnostjo. Spopada se z izzivi, ki jih taka raziskava prinese, predvsem s pomanjkanjem pisnih virov in časovno oddaljenostjo od obravnavane tematike. Izpostavljena je razlika med uradnim stališčem Komunistične partije in vodstva partizanske vojske ter realnim stanjem na terenu – raziskava opiše problem odsotnosti jasnih pravil glede spolnih stikov v vrstah partizanov ter kontrast med ideološkim prepričanjem in človeško realnostjo vojne. Za dodaten kontekst se posveti tudi odnosu do žensk partizank in njihovi vlogi. Čeprav se diplomska naloga osredotoča predvsem na slovenski prostor, je vključena primerjava s situacijo v Sovjetski zvezi – s sovjetskim partizanstvom in z Rdečo armado. Predvsem zaradi ideološke sorodnosti s slovensko partizansko vojsko. Iz analize virov, ki pričajo o sovjetski situaciji, je razvidno, da so se tudi tam pojavljale podobne težave. Ideologija je pogostokrat trčila ob neurejene prakse na terenu. Raziskava pokaže, da so bile spolne bolezni tako zdravstveni kot družbeni problem. Tabu le-teh pa je izražal širše moralne in politične norme. Antropološki pogled razkrije, da je bila spolnost v času druge svetovne vojne kompleksen problem, kjer so se prepletali stigma, čast in telesnost. Vsemu navkljub pa so obstajali izredni posamezniki, ki so se s svojim delom trudili odstraniti stigmo okoli spolno prenosljivih bolezni in bolnikov. Ti posamezniki so tlakovali nov pristop k obravnavi in odnosu do spolnih bolnikov.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: Spolno prenosljive bolezni, spolnost, partizani, druga svetovna vojna, zdravstvo, tabu
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Organizacija: FF - Filozofska fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2025
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-173697
• Datum objave v RUL: 20.09.2025

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Venereal Patients in the Slovenian Partisan Movement: Attitude Towards Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Patients, and Sexuality

Izvleček

The thesis addresses the issue of venereal diseases among Slovenian partisans during the Second World War. It focuses on the attitude toward sexually transmitted infections, the patients, and sexuality within the partisan movement. The research is based on the analysis of historical sources, including memoirs and reports written by partisan physicians and examines questions related to taboos surrounding sexual diseases and sexuality. It confronts the challenges that such research entails, especially the lack of written sources and the temporal distance from the related topic. The thesis highlights the discrepancy between the official position of the Communist Party, the partisan army leadership and the actual situation on the ground. The research describes the absence of clear rules regarding sexual relations within partisan ranks and the contrast between ideological conviction and the human realities of war. For additional context, it also examines the attitude toward female partisans and their role. Although the thesis primarily focuses on the Slovenian context, it includes a comparison with the situation in the Soviet Union – with Soviet partisans and the Red Army – mainly due to ideological affinity with the Slovenian partisan forces. The analysis of sources documenting the Soviet situation shows that similar problems occurred there as well. Ideology often clashed with unregulated practices in the field. The research shows that sexually transmitted diseases were a medical as well as a social problem. The taboo surrounding them reflected broader moral and political norms. The anthropological perspective reveals that sexuality during the Second World War was a complex issue in which stigma, honor, and corporeality were deeply intertwined. Nevertheless, there were exceptional individuals who worked to eliminate the stigma surrounding sexually transmitted diseases and their patients. These individuals paved the way for a new approach to the treatment of and attitude toward patients with sexually transmitted infections.

• Ključne besede: Sexually transmitted diseases, sexuality, partisans, Second World War, healthcare, taboo