Vpliv biostimulantov na rast in rodnost žlahtne vinske trte (Vitis vinifera) ter na kakovost grozdja in vina

Habjan, Nejc (avtor), Mikulič Petkovšek, Maja (mentor)

Vinogradništvo se sooča z vse večjimi izzivi, predvsem povezanimi s podnebnimi spremembami. Suša, visoke temperature in ekstremni vremenski pojavi negativno vplivajo na rast trte in kakovost grozdja. Zaradi zmanjšane vitalnosti trt ob hkratnem povečanju napadov bolezni in škodljivcev je uporaba fitofarmacevtskih sredstev nujna, vendar okoljsko in finančno obremenjujoča. Biostimulanti so snovi ali mikroorganizmi, ki se aplicirajo na rastline z namenom izboljšanja izrabe hranil, tolerantnosti za stres in kakovosti pridelka, neodvisno od hranilne vrednosti biostimulanta. V grobem jih delimo v šest skupin in sicer huminske snovi, aminokisline, ekstrakti alg, hitozan, koristni mikroorganizmi in anorganske snovi. V delu so zbrani rezultati raziskav o vplivu uporabe biostimulantov na vegetativno rast, maso in kakovost pridelka. Biostimulanti na osnovi aminokislin, ekstraktov alg, hitozana in anorganskih snovi so bili nanešeni s škropljenjem, biostimulanti na osnovi huminskih snovi so bili aplicirani s škropljenjem in v tla, biostimulanti, ki vsebujejo mikroorganizme pa so bili aplicirani v tla. Izkazalo se je, da je uporaba mikrobnega pripravka Serenade aso najbolj vplivala na vegetativno rast, ki je bila za kar 60 % izboljšana v primerjavi s kontrolnimi trtami, medtem, ko je na maso pridelka najbolj vplivalo škropljenje s fulvičnimi kislinami v koncentraciji 9 ml/l vode/trto, kjer je bila po tretiranju masa pridelka za 32 % večja od kontrole. Pri uporabi vseh biostimulantov je prišlo do spremembe kemične sestave. Na sladkorno stopnjo je najbolj vplivalo škropljenje z mikroorganizmi -povečanje za 1,6 °Brix v primerjavi s kontrolo, uporaba aminokisline metionin, v koncentraciji 500 ppm, pa na vsebnost skupnih kislin – za 1 g/l manj od kontrole. Škropljenje z ekstraktom alg v koncentraciji 0,3 g/l je negativno vplivala na kemično sestavo, saj je sladkorna stopnja tretiranih trt za 0,1°Brix nižja od kontrole, skupne kisline pa višje za 0,3 g/l.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: vinska trta, biostimulanti, rast in rodnost
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2025
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-173597
• COBISS.SI-ID: 249602051
• Datum objave v RUL: 19.09.2025

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: The impact of biostimulants on growth and yield of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) and on grape and wine quality

Izvleček

Viticulture is facing growing challenges in connection with climate change. Drought, high temperatures and extreme weather events have a negative impact on the growth of the vines and the quality of the grapes. Due to the reduced vitality of the vines and the increase in diseases and pest infestations, the use of pesticides is necessary, but very burdensome both ecologically and financially. Biostimulants are substances or microorganisms that are applied to plants with the aim of improving nutrient utilization, stress tolerance and crop quality, regardless of the nutritional value of the biostimulant. They are roughly divided into six groups, namely humic substances, amino acids, algae extracts, chitosan, beneficial microorganisms and inorganic substances. The work collects the results of research on the impact of the use of biostimulants on vegetative growth, mass and quality of the crop. Biostimulants based on amino acids, algae extracts, chitosan and inorganic substances were applied by spraying, biostimulants based on humic substances were applied by spraying and into the soil, and biostimulants containing microorganisms were applied into the soil. It turned out that the use of the microbial preparation Serenade aso had the greatest impact on vegetative growth, which was improved by as much as 60% compared to control vines, while the crop weight was most affected by spraying with fulvic acids at a concentration of 9 ml/l of water/vine, where after treatment the crop weight was 32% greater than the control. When using all biostimulants, there was a change in the chemical composition. The sugar level was most affected by spraying with microorganisms - an increase of 1,6 °Brix compared to the control, while the use of the amino acid methionine, at a concentration of 500 ppm, on the content of total acids - by 1 g/l less than the control. Spraying with algae extract at a concentration of 0,3 g/l had a negative effect on the chemical composition, as the sugar level of the treated vines was 0,1°Brix lower than the control, and the total acids were 0,3 g/l higher.

• Ključne besede: vine, biostimulants, growth, fertility