Hippotherapy as a specialized form of physiotherapy involves therapeutic interaction between a horse and a person. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of three factors on the behavioural responses of the therapy horse: type of person with cerebral palsy (n = 12), therapy sequence (6 sessions per participant), and part of the therapy session (first or second half). Physiological and psychological indicators were recorded before, during, and after each session. Participants were classified according to their functional level: individuals who walk independently (higher functionality) and wheelchair users (lower functionality). Hippotherapy was conducted once a week for six consecutive weeks, for a total of 72 sessions, led by a qualified therapist. The same Slovenian Coldblood mare (SHL) participated in all sessions. The horse’s behavioural indicators were systematically monitored, focusing on ear, head, leg, and tail position and movement. Additionally, heart rate was measured, and thermographic images were taken, though these were not analysed due to technical limitations. Results showed that participant type had a statistically significant effect on the horse’s behaviour. The horse maintained stable behavioural patterns throughout the sessions, indicating a high level of adaptability. Lowering of the head was more frequent in the second half of sessions, potentially indicating fatigue; however, behavioural indicators did not suggest the presence of stress. Participants with higher functionality generally showed greater progress, improved motor skills, and more frequent positive behavioural responses. For participants with lower functionality, progress was less pronounced or absent, although some individual cases indicated potential improvement over a longer therapy period.
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