Prilagoditve arhitekture koreninskega sistema bele lupine (Lupinus albus) ob različni preskrbljenosti s fosforjem in dušikom

Pustovrh, Tadej (avtor), Vodnik, Dominik (mentor), Mrak, Tanja (komentor)

V raziskavi smo proučevali spremembe v strukturi in arhitekturi koreninskega sistema gospodarsko pomembne krmne rastline - bele lupine (Lupinus albus L.), ob različnih stopnjah pomanjkanja fosforja in dušika v hranilni raztopini. Rastline smo gojili dva tedna v kontrolirani atmosferi rastne komore v hidroponskem sistemu. Morfološke spremembe med obravnavanji smo vrednotili z uporabo optičnega čitalca in namenske programske opreme za analizo koreninskih sistemov. Merili smo razlike med ravnmi dušika (0 %, 100 %) in fosforja (0 %, 25 % in 100 %) pri povprečjih vseh merjenih parametrov (premer korenin, sveža in suha masa nadzemnih delov, suha masa korenin, razmerje med nadzemnimi deli in koreninami, število razvejitev in vršičkov, dolžina, površina in volumen korenin, relativna vsebnost klorofila, deleži posameznih debelinskih razredov, ter število skupkov proteoidnih korenin, izraženih samostojno, na površinsko, volumsko in dolžinsko enoto). Ugotovili smo statistične razlike za vse merjene parametre. Pri polnem odmerku dušika so imele rastline v povprečju daljše korenine, njihova površina in volumen sta bila večja kot pri njegovem pomanjkanju, več je bilo razvejitev, vršičkov, večji sta bili masa nadzemnih delov in relativna vsebnost klorofila v listih (SPAD). Pomanjkanje dušika je vzpodbudilo rast srednje debelih korenin. Pomanjkanje fosforja je vplivalo na manjšo izgradnjo razredov debelejših korenin ter povečano izgradnjo razredov tanjših korenin. Fosfor je imel ključno vlogo pri tvorbi skupkov proteoidnih korenin, pri tem je njegovo pomanjkanje vzpodbudilo njihov nastanek. Medsebojni vpliv obeh dejavnikov se je pokazal pri tvorbi proteoidnih korenin ter gostoti razvejitev in vršičkov. Odziv bele lupine na pomanjkanje fosforja in dušika ni zanemarljiv in bo v prihodnosti ob rasti prebivalstva in naraščanju cen mineralnih gnojil še pridobil na pomenu. Prilagojen sistemski odziv bele lupine je zanimiv neposredno za pridelavo, križanje in genski inženiring

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: Struktura korenin, arhitektura korenin, prilagoditve koreninskega sistema, proteoidne korenine, bela lupina
• Vrsta gradiva: Magistrsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.09 - Magistrsko delo
• Organizacija: BF - Biotehniška fakulteta
• Leto izida: 2025
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-172893
• COBISS.SI-ID: 248886787
• Datum objave v RUL: 12.09.2025

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Adaptation of the root architecture of white lupin (Lupinus albus) under different phosphorus and nitrogen supply

Izvleček

In the study, we observed changes in the structure and architecture of the root system of an economically important fodder plant - white lupine (Lupinus albus L.), under different levels of phosphorus and nitrogen deficiency in the nutrient solution. The plants were grown for 2 weeks in controlled environment of a growth chamber in a hydroponic system. Morphological changes between the treatments were determined using an optical scanner and specialized software for root system analysis. We measured differences in nitrogen levels (0%, 100%) and phosphorus levels (0%, 25%, and 100%) based on the averages of all measured parameters (root diameter, fresh and dry shoot mass, root dry mass, root-to-shoot ratio, number of forks and tips, root length, area and volume, relative chlorophyll content (SPAD), proportions of individual diameter classes, and the number of clusters of proteoid roots, expressed independently per surface, volume, and length unit). Statistical differences were found between all the measured parameters. At the full nitrogen dose, the plants had, on average, longer roots, with greater surface area and volume compared to nitrogen deficiency. There were more branching points and tips, greater shoot mass, and higher relative chlorophyll content in the leaves. Nitrogen deficiency stimulated the growth of medium-diameter roots. Phosphorus deficiency affected a reduced formation of thicker root diameter classes and an increased formation of thinner root diameter classes. Phosphorus played a key role in the formation of proteoid root clusters, and its deficiency stimulated their formation. The interaction between both factors was observed in the formation of proteoid roots and the density of forks and tips. The response of white lupine to phosphorus and nitrogen deficiency is significant and will become more important in the future as the population grows and the prices of mineral fertilizers rise. The adaptive systemic response of white lupine is of interest for crop production, breeding, and genetic engineering.

• Ključne besede: Root structure, root architecture, root system adaptation, cluster roots, white lupin