In the thesis, the comparison of the understanding of the psyche in Plato's and ancient Egyptian philosophy will be carried out first through the presentation of Plato's proofs for the immortality of the soul, as they reveal a great deal about the nature of Plato's soul. Then follows an outline of the structure of the soul and its place in Plato's philosophy, especially in comparison to the body. Then comes the description of the afterlife of the soul, as presented by Plato. The analysis of the psyche, as it was understood in ancient Egypt, will begin with an outline of the structure of the psyche and a presentation of the place occupied by its components. Then follows a more detailed description of two elements of the psyche, ba and ka, which played a significant role in the philosophy and religious system of ancient Egypt. Then follows a description of the relationship between the body and the psyche and the status that both components of man had in the worldview of the ancient Egyptians. Followed by a comparison of the Platonic and Egyptian understanding of the psyche, highlighting their similarities and differences.
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