The farm Kožar is engaged in dairy farming. In addition to roughage, we produce grass silage, maize silage, hay, part of the straw and maize, barley and wheat grains. We also buy straw and, above all, protein-rich feed (soya and rapeseed meal), K–22, K–TOP– 60, Tirsana AMS and mineral-vitamin supplements. In December 2023, our average daily yield was 26.4 kg of milk with 4.01% milk fat and 3.46% protein, while the highest yield reached 44 kg of milk. The feed analysis showed that we produced a high quality grass silage in terms of protein content (161 g/kg DM), but only satisfactory in terms of energy content (5.7 MJ NEL/kg DM). The maize silage was of excellent quality with an energy value of 6.8 MJ NEL/kg DM and 69.5 g protein/kg DM. The results of analysis show that the quality of the hay is poor (5.1 MJ NEL/kg DM and 103 g protein/kg DM). The ration analysis for cows with average milk yield showed an excess of energy and protein, a lack of crude fibre and an unbalanced ratio of sodium to potassium. We formulated a revised ration that met all nutritional requirements and reduced the amount of concentrate per litre of milk from 0.26 kg to 0.14 kg. We also calculated a ration for the cow with the highest milk yield that met the animal's overall nutritional requirements but had an energy deficit. This energy deficit is compensated for by mobilising the cow’s body reserves, which is expected during this stage of lactation.
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