Cities are composed of various elements, including stationary traffic areas, which due to their uniqueness (lower albedo, reduced latent heat transfer, faster runoff of stormwater, large continuous built surfaces, etc.) represent a significant problem in terms of the formation of urban heat islands. Because of their specific thermal response, the thermal load on users of these surfaces consequently increases. In the final part of this thesis, we focused primarily on the issue of heat islands in the context of stationary traffic areas, such as P+R (park and ride) zones. Within the scope of the thesis, we modeled tree growth in urban areas, CO₂ uptake by trees and indirect CO₂ offset through electricity production with PV modules, the cooling effect, and performed simulations of various scenarios using the Phoenics software environment. We demonstrated the impact of built and green elements on the local microclimate and validated the results with actual IR (infrared) imaging data.
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