Estetsko in funkcionalno oblikovanje lesenih igrač za predšolske otroke : diplomsko delo

Drobež, Klara (avtor), Avsec, Stanislav (mentor), Kurent, Brina (komentor)

V diplomskem delu smo preučevali vlogo igrač v predšolskem obdobju, s posebnim poudarkom na lesenih igračah ter njihovi estetski in funkcionalni vrednosti. Osrednja tematika naloge je bila raziskati, kakšno vlogo imajo kakovostne in estetske lesene igrače v razvoju predšolskih otrok ter kako jih vzgojitelji vključujejo v vzgojno-izobraževalni proces. Želeli smo poudariti problem pomanjkanja premišljene uporabe kakovostnih, trajnostnih in razvojno ustreznih igrač v vrtcih ter poudariti pomen njihove izbire za spodbujanje celostnega razvoja otroka. V teoretičnem delu smo najprej predstavili pojem igrače in njihovo kvalifikacijo. Nato smo se osredotočili na dejavnike, ki vplivajo na izbiro igrač, vlogo otrokovega spola pri igri in obravnavali pomen kakovostne, razvojno primerne ter varne igrače. Namenili smo tudi pozornost materialom za izdelavo igrač, predvsem naravnim, kot je les, in tudi estetskim in funkcionalnim lastnostim, ki jih mora imeti dobra igrača. V empiričnem delu smo predstavili lastne izdelane didaktične igrače (večnamenske kocke) ter analizirali njihovo uporabo v praksi. Z raziskavo, izvedeno s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika med vzgojitelji in vzgojiteljicami, smo zbrali podatke o njihovih pogledih na estetske in funkcionalne lastnosti igrač ter o pogostosti uporabe lesenih didaktičnih pripomočkov v vrtcih. Vzorec je zajemal 200 vzgojiteljev/vzgojiteljic iz različnih vrtcev po Sloveniji (Moravče, Litija, Domžale, Polzela ...). Ugotovili smo, da vzgojitelji prepoznavajo pomen kakovostnih lesenih igrač in pozitivno ocenjujejo njihovo vlogo pri razvoju otrok, še posebej z vidika fine motorike ter senzoričnega zaznavanja. Prav tako so izpostavili, da so estetske in funkcionalne lastnosti pomembne pri izbiri didaktičnih pripomočkov. Večnamenske lesene kocke, ki smo jih naredili, so bile v praksi dobro sprejete, saj omogočajo raznoliko uporabo, prilagajanje starostni stopnji in spodbujajo kreativnost otrok. Rezultati našega dela ponujajo vzgojiteljem konkretne smernice pri izbiri igrač ter poudarjajo pomen naravnih materialov in funkcionalno ter estetsko premišljenega oblikovanja. Predstavljajo tudi prispevek k trajnostnemu razmišljanju pri oblikovanju učnega okolja v vrtcih.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: Predšolska vzgoja, Izdelava lesenih igrač, igrače v predšolskem obdobju, estetsko oblikovanje, funkcionalno oblikovanje, mnenja in izkušnje vzgojiteljev, didaktična igra.
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: K. Drobež
• Leto izida: 2025
• Št. strani: X, 70 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-170875
• UDK: 373.2(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 243325443
• Datum objave v RUL: 19.07.2025

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Aesthetic and functional design of wooden toys for preschool children

Izvleček

In the diploma thesis, we studied the role of toys in the preschool period with a special emphasis on wooden toys and their aesthetic and functional value. The central topic of the thesis was to investigate the role of high-quality and aesthetic wooden toys in the development of preschool children and how educators include them in the educational process. We wanted to highlight the problem of the lack of thoughtful use of high-quality, sustainable and developmentally appropriate toys in kindergartens and emphasize the importance of their choice for promoting the holistic development of the child. In the theoretical part we first introduced the concept of a toy and its qualification. Then we focused on the factors that influence the choice of toys, the role of the child's gender in play, and discussed the importance of high-quality, developmentally appropriate and safe toys. We also paid attention to the materials used to make toys, especially natural ones such as wood and also to the aesthetic and functional properties that a good toy must have. In the empirical part, we presented our own didactic toys (multipurpose cubes) and analyzed their use in practice. In a survey conducted with the help of a questionnaire among educators, we collected data on their views on the aesthetic and functional properties of toys and on the frequency of use of wooden didactic aids in kindergartens. The sample included 200 educators from various kindergartens in Slovenia (Moravče, Litija, Domžale, Polzela ...). We found that educators recognize the importance of quality wooden toys and positively assess their role in the development of children, especially from the perspective of fine motor skills and sensory perception. They also emphasized that aesthetic and functional properties are important when choosing didactic aids. The multifunctional wooden cubes that we made were well received in practice as they allow diverse use, adaptation to age level and stimulate children's creativity. The results of our work offer educators concrete guidelines for choosing toys and emphasize the importance of natural materials and functionally and aesthetically thoughtful design. They also represent a contribution to sustainable thinking in the design of the learning environment in kindergartens.

• Ključne besede: Toys in the preschool period, aesthetic design, functional design, opinions and experiences of educators, didactic game.