This thesis explores thermal radiation as a fundamental physical phenomenon enabling non-contact temperature measurement, with a particular focus on the operation, application, and characteristics of pyrometers. The introductory chapters present the basic principles of thermal and electromagnetic radiation and explain key physical laws, such as Planck’s law, the Stefan-Boltzmann law, and Kirchhoff’s law, which define the behavior of ideal and real radiators. Special attention is given to the emissivity of real bodies and the influence of surface reflectance on measurement accuracy.
The thesis further analyzes the influence of the source and target size in non-contact temperature measurement, as this factor significantly affects measurement uncertainty. Various types of detectors used in pyrometers are presented, including thermopile and photon detectors, with a detailed description of the pyroelectric sensor as an example of a specific photon detector.
The experimental part describes the measurement procedures using four different pyrometers (Land Cyclops 100L, Land Cyclops 152A, Sensortherm Diadem DS09, and Heitronics TRT II), as well as the use of calibration furnaces, apertures, and the Matlab software environment for data acquisition and graphical representation of the results. Special emphasis is placed on the analysis of the size-of-source effect (SSE), which can impact measurement accuracy of different devices significantly.
In conclusion, the main findings and conclusions highlight the advantages and limitations of individual pyrometers and provide recommendations for their practical use. The thesis concludes with a list of references and image sources used in the preparation of the work.
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