Vpliv kovinskih artefaktov na dozo in kakovost slikanja pri CBCT slikanju v dentalni radiografiji - pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Ošlak, Ana (avtor), Pesjak, Larisa (avtor), Matjašič, Alenka (mentor), Mekiš, Nejc (recenzent)

Uvod: CBCT aparati so vrsta CT aparatov, ki za nastanek slike uporabljajo konusni snop rentgenske svetlobe, dvodimenzionalne slikovne sprejemnike in različno programsko opremo. Artefakt je vsako popačenje ali napaka na sliki, ki ni povezana s slikanim objektom. Kovinski artefakti nastanejo zaradi visoke gostote kovinskih materialov in se na CBCT slikah kažejo kot svetle in temne proge, ki bistveno poslabšajo kakovost slik. Namen: Namen diplomske naloge je preučiti vpliv kovinskih artefaktov na dozo sevanja in kakovost slik pri CBCT slikanju v dentalni radiografiji. Spoznati želimo, ali vrsta materiala vpliva na nastanek kovinskih artefaktov, kako nanje vplivajo ekspozicijski pogoji in kako vplivajo na dozo pacienta ter kako vplivajo na kakovost in diagnostično uporabnost slik. Poleg tega želimo raziskati tudi katere metode zmanjševanja kovinskih artefaktov poznamo in kakšna je njihova učinkovitost. Metode dela: Uporabili smo deskriptivno metodo s sistematičnim pregledom literature, ki smo jo iskali v mednarodnih podatkovnih bazah. Pri tem smo uporabili kriterije, kot so časovni okvir med letoma 2015 in 2025, dostopnost člankov v celotnem obsegu in v angleškem jeziku. Članke smo iskali s ključnimi besedami dental CBCT, dental cone beam computed tomography, dental radiography, metal artifacts in image quality. Rezultati: Po pregledu podatkovnih baz smo v analizo vključili 18 relevantnih člankov. Izvedli smo temeljito primerjavo njihove vsebine, osredotočene na njihovo metodologijo, rezultate in ugotovitve. Razprava in zaključek: Ugotovili smo, da materiali z višjimi vrstnimi števili in gostoto, povzročajo bolj intenzivne artefakte. Z višjimi napetostnimi cevi je možno zmanjšati kovinske artefakte. Nasprotno z spremembami toka cevi nanje ne vplivamo. Rezultati študij o vplivu vidnega polja na kovinske artefakte so si nasprotovali. A vendar uporaba večjega vidnega polja samo z namenom zmanjšanja kovinskih artefaktov ni upravičena. Pri spreminjanju ekspozicijskih pogojev je vedno potrebno upoštevati tudi njihov vpliv na dozo. Prisotnost kovinskih artefaktov zmanjšuje kakovost slik in njihovo diagnostično uporabnost, ne le v bližini mesta izvora, ampak tudi v večji oddaljenosti od njih. Za zmanjševanje kovinskih artefaktov se lahko poleg višjih napetosti cevi uporabijo tudi algoritmi za zmanjšanje artefaktov, različni filtri in umetna inteligenca. A vendar med njimi ni univerzalne metode, ki bi delovala enako dobro v vseh primerih.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: diplomska dela, radiološka tehnologija, CBCT, kovinski artefakti, kakovost slik, doza
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [A. Ošlak : L. Pesjak]
• Leto izida: 2025
• Št. strani: 41 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-170430
• UDK: 616-07
• COBISS.SI-ID: 242218243
• Datum objave v RUL: 05.07.2025

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: The impact of metal artifacts on dose and image quality in CBCT imaging in dental radiography -literature review : diploma work

Izvleček

Introduction: CBCT devices are a type of CT scanners that use a cone-shaped X-ray beam, two-dimensional detectors, and various software tools to produce images. An artifact is any distortion or error in the image that is not related to the object being scanned. Metal artifacts are caused by the high density of metal materials and appear on CBCT images as bright and dark streaks that significantly degrade image quality. Purpose: The aim of this thesis is to examine the impact of metal artifacts on radiation dose and image quality in CBCT imaging in dental radiography. We aim to determine whether the type of material influences the formation of metal artifacts, how exposure conditions affect them, their impact on patient dose, and how they affect image quality and diagnostic usefulness. Additionally, we seek to explore which methods for reducing metal artifacts are known and how effective they are. Methods: We used a descriptive method with a systematic literature review, sourcing material from international databases. The selection criteria included a time frame from 2015 to 2025, full-text availability, and articles written in English. We searched using keywords such as dental CBCT, dental cone beam computed tomography, dental radiography, metal artifacts, and image quality. Results: After reviewing the databases, 18 relevant articles were included in the analysis. We conducted a thorough comparison of their content, focusing on their methodology, results, and findings. Discussion and conclusion: We found that materials with higher atomic numbers and densities cause more intense artifacts. Increasing tube voltage can reduce metal artifacts, whereas changing tube current does not have an effect. The results of studies on the influence of the field of view on metal artifacts were inconsistent; however, using a larger field of view solely to reduce metal artifacts is not justified. When adjusting exposure conditions, their impact on radiation dose must also be considered. The presence of metal artifacts reduces image quality and diagnostic value, not only near the source but also at greater distances. In addition to higher tube voltages, artifact reduction algorithms, various filters, and artificial intelligence can be used to reduce metal artifacts. However, no universal method exists that performs equally well in all cases.

• Ključne besede: diploma theses, radiologic technology, CBCT, metal artifacts, image quality, dose