Navigating vancomycin and acute kidney injury : AUC- vs. trough-guided monitoring in initial and steady-state therapy

Marovič, Astrid (avtor), Vovk, Tomaž (avtor), Petre, Maja (avtor)

Vancomycin, a glycopeptide antibiotic used for gram-positive infections, is associated with acute kidney injury (AKI). Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is recommended to minimize this risk while ensuring therapeutic efficacy. This study evaluated whether AUC-guided monitoring improved patient safety compared to traditional trough-guided monitoring. Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted at the University Medical Centre Maribor, Slovenia, involving patients receiving intravenous vancomycin. One cohort was managed using trough-guided monitoring (n = 85), while the other was monitored using the AUC-guided approach (n = 139). The primary outcome was AKI incidence, and secondary outcomes included renal replacement therapy and mortality. Risk factors for AKI were identified, and pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated at vancomycin therapy initiation and steady state. Results: The incidence of AKI was 20% in the trough-guided group and 18% in the AUC-guided group (p = 0.727). Secondary outcomes were similar in both cohorts. Risk factors for AKI included older age (OR 1.04; p = 0.042), higher steady-state AUC (OR 1.01; p < 0.001), longer duration of concomitant nephrotoxic therapy (OR 1.06; p = 0.019), and concomitant use of loop diuretics (OR 2.46; p = 0.045). Steady-state AUC values and trough levels (AUC$_{0–24ss}$, AUC$_{24–48ss}$, AUC$_{0–48ss}$, and C$_{min48ss}$) were significantly lower in the AUC-guided group, which was further reflected in the lower percentage of patients exceeding the AUC > 600 mg·h/L threshold at steady state. Conclusions: Although AKI incidence was lower in the AUC-guided group, the difference did not reach statistical significance. However, lower AUC values and trough levels in the AUC-guided group at steady state suggest a trend toward reduced vancomycin exposure and toxicity.

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Ključne besede: vancomycin, therapeutic drug monitoring, acute kidney injury, trough level, area under the curve
• Vrsta gradiva: Članek v reviji
• Tipologija: 1.01 - Izvirni znanstveni članek
• Organizacija: FFA - Fakulteta za farmacijo
• Status publikacije: Objavljeno
• Različica publikacije: Objavljena publikacija
• Leto izida: 2025
• Št. strani: 12 str.
• Številčenje: Vol. 14, iss. 5, art. 438
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-169004
• UDK: 615.2:616.61-008.6
• ISSN pri članku: 2079-6382
• DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics14050438
• COBISS.SI-ID: 234931971
• Datum objave v RUL: 07.05.2025

Gradivo je del revije

• Naslov: Antibiotics
• Skrajšan naslov: Antibiotics
• Založnik: MDPI
• ISSN: 2079-6382
• COBISS.SI-ID: 522975769

Licence

• Licenca: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva 4.0 Mednarodna
• Povezava: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.sl
• Opis: To je standardna licenca Creative Commons, ki daje uporabnikom največ možnosti za nadaljnjo uporabo dela, pri čemer morajo navesti avtorja.

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: vankomicin, terapevtsko spremljanje zdravil, najnižja raven, površina pod krivuljo, akutna ledvična okvara

Projekti

• Financer: ARIS - Javna agencija za znanstvenoraziskovalno in inovacijsko dejavnost Republike Slovenije
• Številka projekta: P1-0189
• Naslov: Farmacevtska tehnologija: od dostavnih sistemov učinkovin do terapijskih izidov zdravil pri otrocih in starostnikih