Delo vzgojiteljev z otroki s posebnimi potrebami v rednih oddelkih vrtcev : diplomsko delo

Ajtnik, Sara (avtor), Berčnik, Sanja (mentor)

Diplomsko delo preučuje vlogo vzgojiteljev predšolskih otrok pri delu z otroki s posebnimi potrebami v rednih oddelkih vrtcev. Predšolsko obdobje je za otroke eno izmed najpomembnejših obdobij v otrokovem razvoju, saj je potrebno spodbujati in razvijati otrokov celostni razvoj. Pri tem imajo pomembno vlogo vzgojitelji, drugi strokovni delavci in starši otrok s posebnimi potrebami. Pri celostni zgodnji obravnavi otrok s posebnimi potrebami pa imajo pomembno vlogo tudi porodnišnice in druge zdravstvene ustanove, socialnovarstveni zavodi in svetovalni centri. Teoretični del se osredotoča na zgodnjo obravnavo otrok s posebnimi potrebami, ki temelji na Zakonu o celostni zgodnji obravnavi predšolskih otrok s posebnimi potrebami (ZOPOPP, UL RS 41/17, 2017). Opredelili smo zgodnjo obravnavo, cilje in načela ter potek zgodnje obravnave, ki poteka preko sedmih faz. Nato smo opredelili otroke s posebnimi potrebami, vlogo strokovnih delavcev v rednih oddelkih vrtcev, individualiziran program, dodatno strokovno pomoč in opisali prilagoditve za izvajanje vzgoje in izobraževanja v rednih oddelkih vrtcev z otroki s posebnimi potrebami. V empiričnem delu smo izvedli raziskavo, v kateri je bilo udeleženih 117 strokovnih delavcev, ki so zaposleni kot vzgojitelji ali pomočniki vzgojiteljev v rednih oddelkih vrtcev. Uporabili smo anketni vprašalnik, s katerim smo dobili odgovore na raziskovalna vprašanja. V raziskavi so ugotovili, da večini vzgojiteljev v rednih oddelkih vrtcev delo z otroki s posebnimi potrebami predstavlja obremenitve in težavnost, zato so mnenja, da so za to delo premalo usposobljeni. Za pomoč otrokom s posebnimi potrebami imajo možnost pridobitve spremljevalca, ki so po mnenju vzgojiteljev prav tako premalo usposobljeni za delo. Spremljevalci bi pred začetkom dela morali izvesti izobraževanje v smeri otrok s posebnimi potrebami v predšolskem obdobju.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: Predšolska vzgoja, Otroci s posebnimi potrebami, celostna zgodnja obravnava otrok s posebnimi potrebami, individualiziran program, dodatna strokovna pomoč, spremljevalec otrok s posebnimi potrebami, redni oddelek vrtca
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: PEF - Pedagoška fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: S. Ajtnik
• Leto izida: 2024
• Št. strani: 83 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-166115
• UDK: 373.2:376-053.2(043.2)
• COBISS.SI-ID: 221667331
• Datum objave v RUL: 20.12.2024

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Work of preschool teachers with children with special needs in regular kindergarten classes

Izvleček

The thesis examines the role of pre-school teachers₁ in working with children with special needs in regular sections of kindergarden. The pre-school period is one of the most important periods in a child's development, as it is necessary to encourage and develop the child's holistic development. Educators, other professionals and parents of children with special needs play an important role in this. In the comprehensive early treatment of children with special needs, maternity hospitals and other medical institutions, social welfare institutions and counseling centers also make a great contribution as such. The theoretical part focuses on the early treatment of children with special needs, which is based on the Act on comprehensive early treatment of preschool children with special needs (ZOPOPP, UL RS 41/17, 2017). We have defined early treatment, goals and principles, and the course of early treatment, which takes place through seven phases. Then we defined children with special needs, the role of professionals in regular kindergarten sections, an individualized program, additional professional help, and described adjustments for the implementation of education and training in regular kindergarten sections with children with special needs. In the empirical part, we conducted a survey in which 117 professionals who were employed as educators or assistant educators in regular kindergarten sections participated. We used a survey questionnaire to get answers to the research questions. In the research, we found that working with children with special needs presents burdens and difficulties for the majority of educators in regular sections of the kindergarten, and therefore they are of the opinion that they are insufficiently qualified for this work. To help children with special needs, they have the option of getting a companion, who, according to the educators, are also undereducated for the job. Companions should complete training for working with children with special needs in the pre-school period before starting work.

• Ključne besede: children with special needs, holistic early treatment of children with special needs, individualized program, additional professional help, companion for children with special needs, regular kindergarten section