Učinki programa vadbe za nadzor trupa na statično in dinamično ravnotežje pri mladih rokometašicah : diplomsko delo

Brcar, Ana Marija (avtor), Grapar Žargi, Tina (mentor), Kacin, Alan (recenzent)

Uvod: Dobro statično in dinamično ravnotežje pri športnikih prinaša številne pozitivne učinke, med katerimi so izboljšana splošna zmogljivost, zmanjšano tveganje za poškodbe ter hitrejša rehabilitacija po poškodbah. Zaradi teh koristi je vadba ravnotežja ključnega pomena za vsak športni režim. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil ugotoviti vpliv usmerjenega programa vadbe na statično in dinamično ravnotežje pri mladih rokometašicah. Metode dela: Pri 10 rokometašicah je bilo opravljeno trikratno testiranje, in sicer pred vadbo, po vadbi in štiri mesece po zaključku vadbenega programa. Testiranje smo izvedli s pomočjo treh testov: Y-test ravnotežja, test funkcijskega dosega in test stoje na eni nogi. Pri vseh testih se je meril doseg v centimetrih, razen pri testu stoje na eni nogi, kjer se je meril čas vztrajanja telesa v določenem položaju. Med prvim in drugim testiranjem so preiskovanke izvajale pettedenski program vadbe za izboljšanje ravnotežja. Vadba je potekala trikrat na teden po približno 15 minut. Rezultati: Pri Y-testu so se rezultati v vseh dosegih pri PO 1 testiranju poslabšali glede na PRE testiranje, rezultati PO 2 testiranja pa so se izboljšali glede na PO 1 testiranje. Pri testu stoje na eni nogi z zaprtimi očmi so bili rezultati PO 1 testiranja (45,00 cm ± 0,00 cm; p=0,007) boljši glede na PRED testiranje (30,50 cm ± 13,20 cm), pri PO 2 testiranju (38,10 cm ± 10,81 cm; p=0,158) so rezultati ostali izboljšani glede na PRED testiranje. Pri testu funkcijskega dosega so se rezultati PO 1 (34,10 cm ± 5,43 cm; p=0,254) in PO 2 (37,20 cm ± 7,54 cm; p=0,095) testiranja izboljšali glede na PRED (31,80 cm ± 8,26 cm) testiranje. Razprava in zaključek: Hipotez in podhipotez nismo uspeli potrditi v celoti, saj so bili rezultati raznoliki. Pettedenski program vadbe je izboljšal statično ravnotežje zaradi izboljšanja stabilnosti telesa, medtem ko za dinamično ravnotežje nismo zaznali izboljšav. Po zaključeni vadbi se je statično ravnotežje večinoma ohranilo, čeprav z rahlim upadom, kar poudarja potrebo po kontinuirani vadbi za dolgoročne učinke. Rezultati nakazujejo potrebo po vključitvi vadbe v trenažni proces.

• Jezik: Slovenski jezik
• Ključne besede: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, statično ravnotežje, dinamično ravnotežje, rokometašice, testiranje ravnotežja
• Vrsta gradiva: Diplomsko delo/naloga
• Tipologija: 2.11 - Diplomsko delo
• Organizacija: ZF - Zdravstvena fakulteta
• Kraj izida: Ljubljana
• Založnik: [A. M. Brcar]
• Leto izida: 2024
• Št. strani: 34 str., [2] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-165863
• UDK: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 218901251
• Datum objave v RUL: 12.12.2024

Sekundarni jezik

• Jezik: Angleški jezik
• Naslov: Effects of a trunk control training programme on static and dynamic balance in young handball players : diploma work

Izvleček

Introduction: Good static and dynamic balance in athletes has many positive effects, including improved performance, reduced risk of injury and faster rehabilitation after injury. These benefits make balance training essential for any sporting regime. Purpose: The aim of this thesis was to determine the effect of a targeted training programme on static and dynamic balance in young female handball players. Methods: 10 female handball players were tested three times, before training, after training and four months after completion of the training programme. Testing was performed using three tests: the Y-test of balance, the functional range test and the one-leg stand test. All tests measured reach in centimetres, except for the one-leg stand test, which measured the time taken for the body to stay in a given position. Between the first and second tests, the subjects followed a five-week exercise programme to improve their balance. The training was carried out three times a week for approximately 15 minutes. Results: In the Y-test, scores in all achievement measures for PO 1 worsened compared to PRE, while PO 2 improved compared to PO 1. In the one-leg stand test with eyes closed, the results of the PO 1 test (45.00 cm ± 0.00 cm; p=0.007) were better than the PRE test (30.50 cm ± 13.20 cm), while the results of the PO 2 test (38.10 cm ± 10.81 cm; p=0.158) remained improved compared to the PRE test. In the functional reach test, the results of PO 1 (34.10 cm ± 5.43 cm; p=0.254) and PO 2 (37.20 cm ± 7.54 cm; p=0.095) testing were improved relative to PRE (31.80 cm ± 8.26 cm) testing. Discussion and Conclusion: We were not able to fully confirm the hypotheses and sub-hypotheses as the results were mixed. The 5-week exercise programme improved static balance due to improved body stability, while no improvement was observed for dynamic balance. After the exercise session, static balance was mostly maintained, albeit with a slight decline, highlighting the need for continuous exercise for long-term effects. The results suggest the need to integrate exercise into the training process.

• Ključne besede: diploma theses. physiotherapy, static balance, dynamic balance, female handball players, balance testing