Introduction: Medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) is an overload injury that most often occurs as a result of overload, especially in athletes and runners. It manifests as diffuse pain along the posterior inner side of the tibia with occasional swelling. Risk factors include navicular drop, increased body mass index, increased plantar flexion of the ankle joint, and external rotation of the hip joint. Various physiotherapeutic procedures are used to treat MTSS. Purpose: The aim of this diploma work was to demonstrate the effects of physiotherapeutic procedures based on a literature review. Methods: The literature search was conducted in the PubMed and Pedro databases. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected studies for more detailed analysis using the following keywords in English: medial tibial stress syndrome, physiotherapy in stress syndrome, treatment of MTSS, shin pain, leg pain in athletes, MTSS causes. Results: Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 5 studies were included in this review of the literature. Four studies examined the effects of shock wave therapy on the treatment of people with MTSS and one of them examined the effects of myofascial release on pain reduction in people with MTSS, where a statistically significant reduction in pain in VAS (from 7 to 2.1) (p < 0.001) was found. When using radial UGV, 76% of the subjects in the study group fully recovered or improved their function after three interventions compared to the control group, where 37% of the subjects achieved the same results. Discussion and Conclusion: The results show positive effects of shockwave therapy, physical activity, and myofascial release on pain reduction, recovery of function, quality of life, daily activity performance, and the time required to return to previous sports. Because most of the studies also include physical exercise programmes, it is more difficult to evaluate the effects of the examined physiotherapy methods alone. There is also a lack of evidence on the efficacy of selected physiotherapy methods in the treatment of people with MTSS because the authors of the studies used subjective measurement tools, different intervention programmes, and different samples. The long-term effects remain unclear due to a lack of research. Additional studies with a larger number of subjects should be conducted, and they should include a placebo group.
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