Sustainable development in construction can significantly contribute to reducing the environmental impact of the economy. This paper analyzes statistical data on the amounts of construction waste generated and explores some potential approaches for sustainable solutions in geotechnics of transport infrastructure. The generation of construction waste fluctuates in connection with large infrastructure projects and economic crises, where significant waste volumes are created despite relatively small returns. The volume of construction waste increased substantially from 2012 to 2019 compared to previous years, with earth excavation representing the majority of the construction waste. The environmental impacts of earthworks can be reduced through advanced approaches for optimizing earthmoving operations, technologies to reduce CO2 emissions from idling construction machinery, reducing machinery load, and implementing measures to reduce the emission of PM10 particles. By carefully selecting the components of shotcrete and concrete for inner linings, as well as tunnel construction methods, we can reduce the environmental impacts of tunneling. For shotcrete production, there are already mixes available that have relatively low CO2 emissions. Numerous LCA analyses confirm that using geosynthetics in geotechnics in transportation engineering can significantly reduce environmental impacts. High CO2 savings from geosynthetic solutions, compared to coventional solutions, are achieved in applications for retaining walls and as a replacement for mineral materials in filter layers. The advantages of the use of geosynthetics are specific to each project, so a comparative study is needed to assess the pros and cons of a given solution, addressing all phases and aspects in the life cycle of the structure. As part of the thesis, we developed an alternative solution—reinforced soil—for a reinforced concrete retaining structure planned within the scope of the Tretja razvojna os project. Based on methods and data from the literature, we conducted a comparative study of CO2 emissions between reinforced soil with polymer reinforcements and a reinforced concrete cantilever wall. The analysis showed that materials containing concrete and/or steel contribute the most emissions. In the case of reinforced soil, calculated CO2 emissions are 82% lower than those for the reinforced concrete wall.
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