Introduction: The rapidly aging global population significantly impacts society and the
economy. As the body ages, issues such as loss of vision and hearing often arise. Maintaining
healthy habits and such lifestyle is crucial for preserving eye health, where prevention and
the abandonment of unhealthy habits play a key role. Purpose: The aim of this diploma
work is to explore the factors that affect the eyes and present ways and measures that can
positively influence eye health and good vision. Methods: A descriptive method was used
with a review of scientific and professional literature in Slovenian and English, searched in
databases including PubMed, Science Direct, CINAHL, Web of Science, and the Google
Scholar search engine. Results: The analysis included 18 literature sources. Eye health
begins with the fetus, influenced by the mother's lifestyle and habits. Later, eye health is
influenced by various internal and external factors, among the most common external ones
are sunlight and gidital screens. Discussion and conclusion: The development of the human
eye is a complex process that begins in the womb and continues after birth. Certain
medications, alcohol exposure, and smoking during pregnancy can affect the development
of eye anomalies in the fetus. Recently, much research has focused on the impact of blue
light from digital devices on eye health. Blue light can cause damage to photoreceptors and
other eye problems, especially with prolonged exposure. To maintain healthy eyes, it is
important to adopt preventive measures throughout life, such as regular eye exams, a
balanced diet, protection from UV rays, and reducing the use of digital screens. It is also
important to teach children the importance of spending time outdoors and taking care of their
eyes, as healthy habits can have a long-term impact on preserving good vision.
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