Introduction: Heart failure is a serious medical condition in which the heart is unable to pump blood effectively throughout the body, leading to reduced oxygen and nutrient supply to organs. This syndrome can be caused by various structural or functional abnormalities of the heart, such as valve defects, myocardial infarction, or hypertension. The main symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, and leg swelling. Heart failure is common in the elderly population and represents a significant public health challenge. Treatment includes medications, lifestyle changes, and in some cases, surgical interventions. Emphasis on self-care and regular health monitoring can significantly contribute to managing the disease. Purpose: The aim is to examine the impact of lifestyle on the prevention and treatment of heart failure and to identify lifestyle factors that have the greatest influence on heart health. Methods: A narrative review was conducted, focusing on scientific and professional literature on the role of lifestyle in the prevention and treatment of heart failure. Literature was searched using databases such as MedLine/PubMed, CINAHL, COBIB, and the Google Scholar search engine. The analysis included literature published between 2014 and 2024, in both Slovenian and English. Relevant literature from reference lists was also included. Results: Acute exacerbation of heart failure is the main cause of hospitalization, emphasizing the need for early symptom recognition and quick access to medical care. Educating patients about early signs of worsening and appropriate measures is crucial to preventing hospitalization. A healthy diet and regular physical activity reduce the risk of heart failure and improve patients' overall condition. Anxiety and depression can negatively affect patients with heart failure, making a holistic approach to their treatment important. Discussion and conclusion: Successful management of heart failure requires patients to consistently follow medical advice, adjust their lifestyle with healthy eating, regular physical activity, and stress management. In conclusion, heart failure is a serious condition that requires a comprehensive approach to treatment and management. With proper therapy, lifestyle adjustments, and active patient participation in the treatment process, outcomes can be significantly improved, and the burden this disease places on individuals and the healthcare system can be reduced.
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